Rice Science ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 228-242.DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.03.006
收稿日期:2024-05-16
接受日期:2024-11-29
出版日期:2025-03-28
发布日期:2025-04-14
. [J]. Rice Science, 2025, 32(2): 228-242.
| Rice landrace | Treatment | Cytological attribute | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total cell examined | No. of mitosis cell | Mitotic index (%) | Relative division rate (%) | ||
| Benapol | Control | 2 779 | 200 | 7.197 ± 0.572 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 751 | 143 | 5.144 ± 0.515** | -28.526 | |
| Charobalam | Control | 2 835 | 211 | 7.443 ± 0.569 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 759 | 105 | 3.806 ± 0.513** | -48.865 | |
| Jotaibalam | Control | 2 789 | 195 | 6.992 ± 0.490 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 319 | 92 | 3.967 ± 0.599** | -43.267 | |
| Kachra | Control | 2 821 | 218 | 7.728 ± 0.567 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 909 | 108 | 3.713 ± 0.502** | -51.954 | |
| Kajolshail | Control | 2 961 | 238 | 8.038 ± 0.571 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 936 | 151 | 5.143 ± 0.511** | -36.016 | |
| Kutepatnai | Control | 2 804 | 240 | 8.559 ± 0.569 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 853 | 211 | 7.396 ± 0.512* | -13.588 | |
| Lalmota | Control | 2 993 | 215 | 7.183 ± 0.570 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 999 | 114 | 3.800 ± 0.531** | -47.097 | |
| Nonakochi | Control | 2 947 | 209 | 7.098 ± 0.578 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 996 | 164 | 5.438 ± 0.512* | -23.387 | |
| Rajashail | Control | 2 966 | 225 | 7.586 ± 0.567 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 922 | 128 | 4.381 ± 0.509** | -42.249 | |
| Talmugur | Control | 2 988 | 235 | 7.865 ± 0.566 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 937 | 189 | 6.448 ± 0.512* | -18.017 | |
Table 1. Cytological attributes in the root tip of 10 rice landrace seedlings from Bangladesh, grown under post-imbibitional salinity stress for 7 d.
| Rice landrace | Treatment | Cytological attribute | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total cell examined | No. of mitosis cell | Mitotic index (%) | Relative division rate (%) | ||
| Benapol | Control | 2 779 | 200 | 7.197 ± 0.572 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 751 | 143 | 5.144 ± 0.515** | -28.526 | |
| Charobalam | Control | 2 835 | 211 | 7.443 ± 0.569 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 759 | 105 | 3.806 ± 0.513** | -48.865 | |
| Jotaibalam | Control | 2 789 | 195 | 6.992 ± 0.490 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 319 | 92 | 3.967 ± 0.599** | -43.267 | |
| Kachra | Control | 2 821 | 218 | 7.728 ± 0.567 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 909 | 108 | 3.713 ± 0.502** | -51.954 | |
| Kajolshail | Control | 2 961 | 238 | 8.038 ± 0.571 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 936 | 151 | 5.143 ± 0.511** | -36.016 | |
| Kutepatnai | Control | 2 804 | 240 | 8.559 ± 0.569 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 853 | 211 | 7.396 ± 0.512* | -13.588 | |
| Lalmota | Control | 2 993 | 215 | 7.183 ± 0.570 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 999 | 114 | 3.800 ± 0.531** | -47.097 | |
| Nonakochi | Control | 2 947 | 209 | 7.098 ± 0.578 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 996 | 164 | 5.438 ± 0.512* | -23.387 | |
| Rajashail | Control | 2 966 | 225 | 7.586 ± 0.567 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 922 | 128 | 4.381 ± 0.509** | -42.249 | |
| Talmugur | Control | 2 988 | 235 | 7.865 ± 0.566 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 937 | 189 | 6.448 ± 0.512* | -18.017 | |
| Rice landrace | Treatment | Total cell examined | Different types of mitotic abnormality (%) | FTMA (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stickiness | Laggard | Fragment | Bridge | Micronucleus | Ring chromosome | ||||
| Benapol | Control | 2 779 | 0.036 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.036 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.072 ± 0.006 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 751 | 0.074 | 0.147 | 0.110 | 0.147 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.516 ± 0.049 de | |
| Charobalam | Control | 2 835 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 759 | 0.109 | 0.145 | 0.326 | 0.326 | 0.109 | 0.109 | 1.124 ± 0.045 a | |
| Jotaibalam | Control | 2 789 | 0.000 | 0.036 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.036 ± 0.004 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 319 | 0.147 | 0.220 | 0.220 | 0.294 | 0.037 | 0.037 | 0.955 ± 0.046 b | |
| Kachra | Control | 2 821 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.035 ± 0.004 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 909 | 0.138 | 0.103 | 0.241 | 0.241 | 0.069 | 0.138 | 0.928 ± 0.052 b | |
| Kajolshail | Control | 2 961 | 0.000 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.068 ± 0.005 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 936 | 0.068 | 0.102 | 0.170 | 0.204 | 0.034 | 0.034 | 0.613 ± 0.050 d | |
| Kutepatnai | Control | 2 804 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 853 | 0.035 | 0.105 | 0.070 | 0.070 | 0.070 | 0.000 | 0.351 ± 0.052 f | |
| Lalmota | Control | 2 993 | 0.033 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.033 ± 0.021 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 999 | 0.272 | 0.168 | 0.168 | 0.134 | 0.068 | 0.102 | 0.912 ± 0.052 b | |
| Nonakochi | Control | 2 947 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.035 ± 0.005 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 996 | 0.034 | 0.138 | 0.172 | 0.138 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.482 ± 0.046 e | |
| Rajashail | Control | 2 966 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.034 ± 0.006 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 922 | 0.103 | 0.137 | 0.205 | 0.137 | 0.103 | 0.068 | 0.753 ± 0.045 c | |
| Talmugur | Control | 2 988 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 ef |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 937 | 0.068 | 0.110 | 0.136 | 0.068 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.416 ± 0.053 g | |
Table 2. Different types of chromosomal abnormalities and frequency of total abnormalities (FTMAs) in root tips of 10 rice landrace seedlings from Bangladesh, grown under post-imbibitional salinity stress for 7 d.
| Rice landrace | Treatment | Total cell examined | Different types of mitotic abnormality (%) | FTMA (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stickiness | Laggard | Fragment | Bridge | Micronucleus | Ring chromosome | ||||
| Benapol | Control | 2 779 | 0.036 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.036 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.072 ± 0.006 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 751 | 0.074 | 0.147 | 0.110 | 0.147 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.516 ± 0.049 de | |
| Charobalam | Control | 2 835 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 759 | 0.109 | 0.145 | 0.326 | 0.326 | 0.109 | 0.109 | 1.124 ± 0.045 a | |
| Jotaibalam | Control | 2 789 | 0.000 | 0.036 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.036 ± 0.004 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 319 | 0.147 | 0.220 | 0.220 | 0.294 | 0.037 | 0.037 | 0.955 ± 0.046 b | |
| Kachra | Control | 2 821 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.035 ± 0.004 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 909 | 0.138 | 0.103 | 0.241 | 0.241 | 0.069 | 0.138 | 0.928 ± 0.052 b | |
| Kajolshail | Control | 2 961 | 0.000 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.068 ± 0.005 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 936 | 0.068 | 0.102 | 0.170 | 0.204 | 0.034 | 0.034 | 0.613 ± 0.050 d | |
| Kutepatnai | Control | 2 804 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 853 | 0.035 | 0.105 | 0.070 | 0.070 | 0.070 | 0.000 | 0.351 ± 0.052 f | |
| Lalmota | Control | 2 993 | 0.033 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.033 ± 0.021 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 999 | 0.272 | 0.168 | 0.168 | 0.134 | 0.068 | 0.102 | 0.912 ± 0.052 b | |
| Nonakochi | Control | 2 947 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.035 ± 0.005 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 996 | 0.034 | 0.138 | 0.172 | 0.138 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.482 ± 0.046 e | |
| Rajashail | Control | 2 966 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.034 ± 0.006 g |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 922 | 0.103 | 0.137 | 0.205 | 0.137 | 0.103 | 0.068 | 0.753 ± 0.045 c | |
| Talmugur | Control | 2 988 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 ef |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2 937 | 0.068 | 0.110 | 0.136 | 0.068 | 0.034 | 0.000 | 0.416 ± 0.053 g | |
Fig. 1. Correlative evaluation of salinity induced changes in mitotic index with different redox attributes and contents of protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation products in 10 rice landrace seedlings from Bangladesh, under post-imbibitional salinity stress (PISS, 200 mmol/L NaCl) for 7 d. Data are Mean ± SE (n = 3).
| Rice landrace | Treatment | Cytological attribute | Activity of ascorbate-glutathione pathway enzymes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MI (%) | FTMA (%) | APOX (U/g) | GR (U/g) | |||
| Benapol | Control | 7.197 ± 0.572 | 0.072 ± 0.006 | 11.874 ± 0.001 | 0.015 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 5.514 ± 0.515** | 0.516 ± 0.049 | 7.427 ± 0.001** | 0.075 ± 0.001 | ||
| Charobalam | Control | 7.443 ± 0.569 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 130.235 ± 0.014 | 0.111 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.806 ± 0.513** | 1.124 ± 0.045* | 139.259 ± 0.021** | 0.085 ± 0.001 | ||
| Jotaibalam | Control | 6.992 ± 0.490 | 0.036 ± 0.004 | 39.201 ± 0.017 | 0.138 ± 0.002 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.967 ± 0.599** | 0.955 ± 0.046 * | 17.619 ± 0.017** | 0.095 ± 0.001 | ||
| Kachra | Control | 7.728 ± 0.567 | 0.035 ± 0.004 | 34.193 ± 0.002 | 0.095 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.713 ± 0.502** | 0.928 ± 0.052* | 37.210 ± 0.001** | 0.091 ± 0.002 | ||
| Kajolshail | Control | 8.038 ± 0.571 | 0.068 ± 0.005 | 117.661 ± 0.029 | 0.069 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 5.143 ± 0.511** | 0.613 ± 0.050 | 120.410 ± 0.003* | 0.055 ± 0.001* | ||
| Kutepatnai | Control | 8.559 ± 0.569 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 9.154 ± 0.008 | 0.137 ± 0.002 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 7.396 ± 0.512* | 0.351 ± 0.052 | 73.963 ± 0.006** | 0.183 ± 0.001* | ||
| Lalmota | Control | 7.183 ± 0.570 | 0.033 ± 0.021 | 24.456 ± 0.002 | 0.058 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.800 ± 0.531** | 0.912 ± 0.052* | 21.457 ± 0.001** | 0.031 ± 0.001** | ||
| Nonakochi | Control | 7.098 ± 0.578 | 0.035 ± 0.005 | 18.650 ± 0.012 | 0.064 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 5.438 ± 0.512* | 0.483 ± 0.046 | 12.170 ± 0.004** | 0.069 ± 0.001* | ||
| Rajashail | Control | 7.586 ± 0.567 | 0.034 ± 0.006 | 12.357 ± 0.001 | 0.038 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 4.381 ± 0.509** | 0.753 ± 0.045 | 7.626 ± 0.001** | 0.026 ± 0.001 | ||
| Talmugur | Control | 7.865 ± 0.566 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 43.212 ± 0.003 | 0.057 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 6.448 ± 0.512* | 0.417 ± 0.053 | 112.261 ± 0.001** | 0.136 ± 0.001** | ||
Table 3. Changes of cytological attributes and activities of ascorbate-glutathione pathway enzymes under NaCl salinity stress.
| Rice landrace | Treatment | Cytological attribute | Activity of ascorbate-glutathione pathway enzymes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MI (%) | FTMA (%) | APOX (U/g) | GR (U/g) | |||
| Benapol | Control | 7.197 ± 0.572 | 0.072 ± 0.006 | 11.874 ± 0.001 | 0.015 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 5.514 ± 0.515** | 0.516 ± 0.049 | 7.427 ± 0.001** | 0.075 ± 0.001 | ||
| Charobalam | Control | 7.443 ± 0.569 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 130.235 ± 0.014 | 0.111 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.806 ± 0.513** | 1.124 ± 0.045* | 139.259 ± 0.021** | 0.085 ± 0.001 | ||
| Jotaibalam | Control | 6.992 ± 0.490 | 0.036 ± 0.004 | 39.201 ± 0.017 | 0.138 ± 0.002 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.967 ± 0.599** | 0.955 ± 0.046 * | 17.619 ± 0.017** | 0.095 ± 0.001 | ||
| Kachra | Control | 7.728 ± 0.567 | 0.035 ± 0.004 | 34.193 ± 0.002 | 0.095 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.713 ± 0.502** | 0.928 ± 0.052* | 37.210 ± 0.001** | 0.091 ± 0.002 | ||
| Kajolshail | Control | 8.038 ± 0.571 | 0.068 ± 0.005 | 117.661 ± 0.029 | 0.069 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 5.143 ± 0.511** | 0.613 ± 0.050 | 120.410 ± 0.003* | 0.055 ± 0.001* | ||
| Kutepatnai | Control | 8.559 ± 0.569 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 9.154 ± 0.008 | 0.137 ± 0.002 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 7.396 ± 0.512* | 0.351 ± 0.052 | 73.963 ± 0.006** | 0.183 ± 0.001* | ||
| Lalmota | Control | 7.183 ± 0.570 | 0.033 ± 0.021 | 24.456 ± 0.002 | 0.058 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.800 ± 0.531** | 0.912 ± 0.052* | 21.457 ± 0.001** | 0.031 ± 0.001** | ||
| Nonakochi | Control | 7.098 ± 0.578 | 0.035 ± 0.005 | 18.650 ± 0.012 | 0.064 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 5.438 ± 0.512* | 0.483 ± 0.046 | 12.170 ± 0.004** | 0.069 ± 0.001* | ||
| Rajashail | Control | 7.586 ± 0.567 | 0.034 ± 0.006 | 12.357 ± 0.001 | 0.038 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 4.381 ± 0.509** | 0.753 ± 0.045 | 7.626 ± 0.001** | 0.026 ± 0.001 | ||
| Talmugur | Control | 7.865 ± 0.566 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 43.212 ± 0.003 | 0.057 ± 0.001 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 6.448 ± 0.512* | 0.417 ± 0.053 | 112.261 ± 0.001** | 0.136 ± 0.001** | ||
| Rice landrace | Treatment | Redox behavior | Cytological behavior | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accumulation of O2·̄ (Δ540/g) | Total ROS (AU/mg) | MI (%) | FTMA (%) | |||
| Benapol | Control | 1.50 ± 0.04 | 248.959 ± 0.074 | 7.197 ± 0.572 | 0.072 ± 0.006 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.12 ± 0.07** | 372.424 ± 0.170** | 5.144 ± 0.515** | 0.516 ± 0.049 | ||
| Charobalam | Control | 1.40 ± 0.03 | 137.275 ± 0.152 | 7.443 ± 0.569 | 0.000 ±0.000 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.98 ± 0.03** | 390.296 ± 0.091** | 3.806 ± 0.513** | 1.124 ± 0.045* | ||
| Jotaibalam | Control | 1.05 ± 0.05 | 230.304 ± 0.212 | 6.992 ± 0.490 | 0.036 ± 0.004 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.78 ± 0.04** | 393.017 ± 0.116** | 3.967 ± 0.599** | 0.955 ± 0.046* | ||
| Kachra | Control | 1.45 ± 0.03 | 230.304 ± 0.212 | 6.992 ± 0.490 | 0.036 ± 0.004 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.43 ± 0.05* | 393.017 ± 0.116** | 3.967 ± 0.599** | 0.955 ± 0.046* | ||
| Kajolshail | Control | 1.30 ± 0.04 | 111.523 ± 0.048 | 8.038 ± 0.571 | 0.068 ± 0.005 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.45 ± 0.05** | 245.313 ± 0.186** | 5.143 ± 0.511** | 0.613 ± 0.050 | ||
| Kutepatnai | Control | 1.38 ± 0.07 | 129.036 ± 0.078 | 7.098 ± 0.578 | 0.035 ± 0.005 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 1.50 ± 0.02** | 168.931 ± 0.091** | 5.438 ± 0.512* | 0.483 ± 0.046 | ||
| Lalmota | Control | 1.70 ± 0.06 | 137.275 ± 0.152 | 7.443 ± 0.569 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.43 ± 0.05** | 390.296 ± 0.091** | 3.806 ± 0.513** | 1.124 ± 0.045* | ||
| Nonakochi | Control | 1.23 ± 0.07 | 129.036 ± 0.078 | 7.098 ± 0.578 | 0.035 ± 0.005 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 1.47 ± 0.09* | 168.931 ± 0.091** | 5.438 ± 0.512* | 0.483 ± 0.046 | ||
| Rajashail | Control | 1.56 ± 0.06 | 248.959 ± 0.074 | 7.197 ± 0.572 | 0.072 ± 0.006 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.30 ± 0.01** | 372.424 ± 0.170** | 5.144 ± 0.515** | 0.516 ± 0.049 | ||
| Talmugur | Control | 1.28 ± 0.02 | 111.523 ± 0.048 | 8.038 ± 0.571 | 0.068 ± 0.005 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.20 ± 0.07* | 245.313 ± 0.186** | 5.143 ± 0.511** | 0.613 ± 0.050 | ||
Table 4. Changes of redox behavior and cytological behavior under NaCl salinity stress.
| Rice landrace | Treatment | Redox behavior | Cytological behavior | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accumulation of O2·̄ (Δ540/g) | Total ROS (AU/mg) | MI (%) | FTMA (%) | |||
| Benapol | Control | 1.50 ± 0.04 | 248.959 ± 0.074 | 7.197 ± 0.572 | 0.072 ± 0.006 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.12 ± 0.07** | 372.424 ± 0.170** | 5.144 ± 0.515** | 0.516 ± 0.049 | ||
| Charobalam | Control | 1.40 ± 0.03 | 137.275 ± 0.152 | 7.443 ± 0.569 | 0.000 ±0.000 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.98 ± 0.03** | 390.296 ± 0.091** | 3.806 ± 0.513** | 1.124 ± 0.045* | ||
| Jotaibalam | Control | 1.05 ± 0.05 | 230.304 ± 0.212 | 6.992 ± 0.490 | 0.036 ± 0.004 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.78 ± 0.04** | 393.017 ± 0.116** | 3.967 ± 0.599** | 0.955 ± 0.046* | ||
| Kachra | Control | 1.45 ± 0.03 | 230.304 ± 0.212 | 6.992 ± 0.490 | 0.036 ± 0.004 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 3.43 ± 0.05* | 393.017 ± 0.116** | 3.967 ± 0.599** | 0.955 ± 0.046* | ||
| Kajolshail | Control | 1.30 ± 0.04 | 111.523 ± 0.048 | 8.038 ± 0.571 | 0.068 ± 0.005 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.45 ± 0.05** | 245.313 ± 0.186** | 5.143 ± 0.511** | 0.613 ± 0.050 | ||
| Kutepatnai | Control | 1.38 ± 0.07 | 129.036 ± 0.078 | 7.098 ± 0.578 | 0.035 ± 0.005 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 1.50 ± 0.02** | 168.931 ± 0.091** | 5.438 ± 0.512* | 0.483 ± 0.046 | ||
| Lalmota | Control | 1.70 ± 0.06 | 137.275 ± 0.152 | 7.443 ± 0.569 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.43 ± 0.05** | 390.296 ± 0.091** | 3.806 ± 0.513** | 1.124 ± 0.045* | ||
| Nonakochi | Control | 1.23 ± 0.07 | 129.036 ± 0.078 | 7.098 ± 0.578 | 0.035 ± 0.005 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 1.47 ± 0.09* | 168.931 ± 0.091** | 5.438 ± 0.512* | 0.483 ± 0.046 | ||
| Rajashail | Control | 1.56 ± 0.06 | 248.959 ± 0.074 | 7.197 ± 0.572 | 0.072 ± 0.006 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.30 ± 0.01** | 372.424 ± 0.170** | 5.144 ± 0.515** | 0.516 ± 0.049 | ||
| Talmugur | Control | 1.28 ± 0.02 | 111.523 ± 0.048 | 8.038 ± 0.571 | 0.068 ± 0.005 | |
| 200 mmol/L NaCl | 2.20 ± 0.07* | 245.313 ± 0.186** | 5.143 ± 0.511** | 0.613 ± 0.050 | ||
Fig. 2. Impact of post-imbibitional salinity stress-induced modulation of ion homeostasis (assessed in terms of alteration of Na+/ K+ ratio) on germination and early growth phenotypes and relative cell viability of 10 experimental rice landraces from Bangladesh. T50 is the time (h) of 50% germination of seeds sown; RGI, Relative growth index; VI, Vigor index; RCV, Relative cell viability.
Fig. 3. Dendrogram of hierarchical cluster analysis depicting grouping of 10 rice landraces from Bangladesh.
Fig. 4. Biplot showing distribution of 10 rice landraces from Bangladesh. PC1 and PC2 describe the classification of rice landraces into different salt tolerant groups based on the germination and early growth parameters, parameters of redox biomarker, and cytological attributes.Kute, Kutepatnai; Tal, Talmugur; Nona, Nonakochi; Ben, Benapol; Kaj, Kajolshail; Raj, Rajashail; Jot, Jotaibalam; Lal, Lalmota; Kach, Kachra; Char, Charobalam; C, Control; S, Salt stress.
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