Effect of Nitrogen on Water Content, Sap Flow, and Tolerance of Rice Plants to Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Water content (WC) and sap flow from leaf sheath of rice plants with varying nitrogen levels at different growth stages, and fluctuations in relative water content (RWC) of rice plants being damaged by brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens were determined in the laboratory, and the tolerance of rice plants to BPH at different nitrogen regimes was evaluated in the greenhouse at International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), the Philippines. The results indicated that both WC and RWC were increased significantly, as the amount of sap flow from rice plants was reduced statistically, with the increase of nitrogen content in rice plants. RWC in rice plants applied with high nitrogen fertilizer decreased drastically by the injury of BPH nymphs, while the reduced survival duration of rice plants with the increase of nitrogen content was recorded. These may be considered to be one of the important factors in increasing the susceptibility to BPH damage on rice plants applied with nitrogen fertilizer.

关键词: brown planthopper, nitrogen, relative water content, sap flow, tolerance

LU Zhong-xian, S. VILLAREAL, YU Xiao-ping, K. L. HEONG , HU Cui. Effect of Nitrogen on Water Content, Sap Flow, and Tolerance of Rice Plants to Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens
[J]. RICE SCIENCE.

参考文献

1 Conway G R, Barbier E B. After the Green Revolution: Sustainable Agriculture for Development. London: Earthscan Publications Ltd, 1990.

2 Sogawa K, Cheng C H. Economic thresholds, nature of damage, and losses caused by the brown planthopper. In: IRRI. Brown Planthopper: Threat to rice production in Asia. Manila: IRRI, 1979. 125–142.

3 Dyck V A, Thomas B. The brown planthopper problem. In: IRRI. Brown Planthopper: Threat to rice production in Asia. Manila: IRRI, 1979. 3–20.

4 Gallagher K D, Kenmore P E, Sogawa K. Judicial use of insecticides deter planthopper outbreaks and extend the role of resistant varieties in Southeast Asian rice. In: Denno R F, Perfect T J. Planthoppers: Their ecology and management. London: Chapman & Hall, 1994. 559–614.

5 Litsinger J A. Second generation insect pest problems on high yielding rices. Trop Pest Manage, 1989, 35: 235–242.

6 Cheng C H. Effect of nitrogen application on the susceptibility in rice to brown planthopper attack. J Taiwan Agric Res, 1971, 20(3): 21–30.

7 Sogawa K. Studies on feeding habits of brown planthopper: I. Effects of nitrogen-deficiency of host plants on insect feeding. Jap J Appl Entomol Zool, 1970, 14: 101–106.

8 Wang M Q, Wu R Z. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the resistance of rice varieties to brown planthopper. Guangdong Agric Sci, 1991, (1): 25-27. (in Chinese)

9 Heinrich E A, Mochida O. From second to major pest status: the case of insecticide-induced rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, resurgence. Prot Ecol, 1984, 7: 201–218.

10 Hu J Z, Lu Q H, Yang J S, Yang L P, Gao N Y. Effects of fertilizer and irrigation on the population of main insect pests and the yield of rice. Acta Entomol Sin, 1986, 29(1): 49–54. (in Chinese)

11 Slansky F J, Scriber J M. The nutritional ecology of immature insects. Ann Rev Entomol, 1981, 26: 183–211.

12 Kajimura T, Fujisaki K, Nakasuji. Effect of organic rice farming on leaffolder and planthoppers: 2. Amino acid content in the rice phloem sap and survival rate of planthoppers. Appl Entomol Zoo, 1995, 30(1): 17–22.

13 Slansky F J, Rodriguez J G. Nutritional Ecology of Insects, Mites, Spiders and Related Invertebrates. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1987.

14 IRRI. Standard Evaluation System for Rice. Manila: IRRI, 1980. 44pp.

15 Barr H D, Weatherley P E. A re-examination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating water deficit in leaves. Aust J Biol Sci, 1962, 15: 413–428.

16 Kramer P J. Water Relations of Plants. Florida: Academic Press, 1983.

17 Mattson W J, Haack R A. The role of draught in outbreaks of plant-eating insects. BioScience, 1987, 37: 110–118.

18 Fukutoku Y, Yamada Y. Accumulation of carbohydrates and proline in water-stressed soybean. Soil Sci Plant Nutri, 1982, 28: 147–151.

19 Panda N, Khush G S. Host Plant Resistance to Insects. Wallingford, U K: CAB International, 1995. 67–103.

20 Liu C M, Wu R Z. Influence of light intensity and nitrogen fertilizer on resistance to brown planthopper in rice. J South China Agric Univ, 1992, 13(2): 27–33. (in Chinese)

[1]	JI Dongling, XIAO Wenhui, SUN Zhiwei, LIU Lijun, GU Junfei, ZHANG Hao, Tom Matthew HARRISON, LIU Ke, WANG Zhiqin, WANG Weilu, YANG Jianchang. Translocation and Distribution of Carbon-Nitrogen in Relation to Rice Yield and Grain Quality as Affected by High Temperature at Early Panicle Initiation Stage[J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 12-.
[2]	FAN Fengfeng, CAI Meng, LUO Xiong, LIU Manman, YUAN Huanran, CHENG Mingxing, Ayaz AHMAD, LI Nengwu, LI Shaoqing. Novel QTLs from Wild Rice Oryza longistaminata Confer Rice Strong Tolerance to High Temperature at Seedling Stage[J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 14-.
[3]	. [J]. Rice Science, 2018, 25(3): 142-151.
[4]	Md. Nasim ALI, Bhaswati GHOSH, Saikat GANTAIT, Somsubhra CHAKRABORTY. Selection of Rice Genotypes for Salinity Tolerance Through Morpho-Biochemical Assessment[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2014, 21(5): 288-298.
[5]	MA Yi-hu, GU Dao-jian, LIU Li-jun, WANG Zhi-qin, ZHANG Hao, YANG Jian-chang. Changes in Grain Yield of Rice and Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Paddy Fields after Application of Organic Fertilizers Made from Maize Straw[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2014, 21(4): 224-232.
[6]	LIN Zhao-miao#, NING Hui-feng#, BI Jun-guo, QIAO Jiang-fang, LIU Zheng-hui, LI Gang-hua, WANG Qiang-sheng, WANG Shao-hua, DING Yan-feng. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Genotype on Rice Grain Macronutrients and Micronutrients[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2014, 21(4): 233-242.
[7]	Norvie L. MANIGBAS, Leslie Angela F. LAMBIO, Luvina B MADRID, Corazon C CARDENAS. Germplasm Innovation of Heat Tolerance in Rice for Irrigated Lowland Conditions in the Philippines[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2014, 21(3): 162-169.
[8]	XU Hong-xing, ZHENG Xu-song, YANG Ya-jun, WANG Xin, YE Gong-yin, LU Zhong-xian. Bacterial Community in Different Populations of Rice Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (St?l)[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2014, 21(1): 59-64.
[9]	Narumol BOONRUENG, Somboon ANUNTALABHOCHAI, Arunothai JAMPEETONG. Morphological and Anatomical Assessment of KDML 105 (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica) and Its Mutants Induced by Low-Energy Ion Beam[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2013, 20(3): 213-219.
[10]	LONG Ji-rui, MA Guo-hui, WAN Yi-zheng, SONG Chun-fang, SUN Jian, QIN Rui-jun. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Level on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics in Flag Leaf of Super Hybrid Rice at Late Growth Stage[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2013, 20(3): 220-228.
[11]	WANG Chong-qing1, WANG Tao1, MU Ping2, LI Zi-chao2, YANG Ling1. Quantitative Trait Loci for Mercury Tolerance in Rice Seedlings[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2013, 20(3): 238-242.
[12]	XU Chun-mei, WANG Dan-ying, CHEN Song, CHEN Li-ping, ZHANG Xiu-fu. Effects of Aeration on Root Physiology and Nitrogen Metabolism in Rice[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2013, 20(2): 148-153.
[13]	YU Qiao-gang, YE Jing, YANG Shao-na, FU Jian-rong, MA Jun-wei, SUN Wan-chun, JIANG Li-na, WANG Qiang, WANG Jian-mei. Effects of Nitrogen Application Level on Rice Nutrient Uptake and Ammonia Volatilization[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2013, 20(2): 139-147.
[14]	GUO Si-bin1, 2, WEI Yu1, LI Xiao-qiong1, LIU Kai-qiang1, HUANG Feng-kuan2, 3, CHEN Cai-hong1, 2, GAO Guo-qing1, 2. Development and Identification of Introgression Lines from Cross of Oryza sativa and Oryza minuta[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2013, 20(2): 95-102.
[15]	Maite MARTíNEZ-EIXARCH 1, *, ZHU De-feng2, CATALà-FORNER Maria del Mar1, PLA-MAYOR Eva1, TOMáS-NAVARRO Nuria1. Water, Nitrogen and Plant Density Affect the Response of Leaf Appearance of Direct Seeded Rice to Thermal Time[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2013, 20(1): 52-60.