Rice Science ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 306-320.DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2023.02.001
收稿日期:2022-12-08
接受日期:2023-02-28
出版日期:2023-07-28
发布日期:2023-05-26
. [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(4): 306-320.
| Source of variation | df | Sum of square | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vigor score (SES) | Shoot length | Root length | Shoot Na+ content | Shoot K+ content | Shoot Ca2+ content | Shoot Mg2+ content | Shoot Na+/K+ ratio | ||
| Environment | 2 | 8 426.36** | 246 369.37** | 15 964.71** | 1 503.53** | 61.55** | 56.11** | 10.07* | 6 252.26** |
| Replication | 3 | 1.39 | 1 108.71** | 65.91** | 4.57** | 0.12** | 0.12 | 7.93** | 0.05 |
| Genotype | 146 | 297.45** | 14 339.42** | 2 490.72** | 181.23** | 16.40** | 155.21** | 796.19** | 965.85** |
| Environment × Genotype | 292 | 390.58** | 11 683.47** | 2 273.56** | 324.62** | 34.18** | 310.46** | 1 612.54** | 1 288.44** |
| Pooled error | 438 | 92.71 | 1 343.08 | 200.08 | 34.71 | 3.31 | 47.19 | 207.20 | 152.71 |
| Total | 881 | 9 208.51 | 274 844.00 | 20 995.00 | 2 048.68 | 115.57 | 569.10 | 2 633.95 | 8 659.32 |
Table 1. Analysis of variance of different traits in rice genotypes under normal, stress and relative stress conditions.
| Source of variation | df | Sum of square | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vigor score (SES) | Shoot length | Root length | Shoot Na+ content | Shoot K+ content | Shoot Ca2+ content | Shoot Mg2+ content | Shoot Na+/K+ ratio | ||
| Environment | 2 | 8 426.36** | 246 369.37** | 15 964.71** | 1 503.53** | 61.55** | 56.11** | 10.07* | 6 252.26** |
| Replication | 3 | 1.39 | 1 108.71** | 65.91** | 4.57** | 0.12** | 0.12 | 7.93** | 0.05 |
| Genotype | 146 | 297.45** | 14 339.42** | 2 490.72** | 181.23** | 16.40** | 155.21** | 796.19** | 965.85** |
| Environment × Genotype | 292 | 390.58** | 11 683.47** | 2 273.56** | 324.62** | 34.18** | 310.46** | 1 612.54** | 1 288.44** |
| Pooled error | 438 | 92.71 | 1 343.08 | 200.08 | 34.71 | 3.31 | 47.19 | 207.20 | 152.71 |
| Total | 881 | 9 208.51 | 274 844.00 | 20 995.00 | 2 048.68 | 115.57 | 569.10 | 2 633.95 | 8 659.32 |
Fig. 1. Graphical representation of diversity in rice genotypes for coleoptile, grain, lemma and palea color and salinity tolerance in rice. A, Doughnut chart representing morphological variations of coleoptile color (center), grain color (first circle from center), lemma and palea color (second circle from center) along with vigor scores (last circle from center) of 147 genotypes used for screening of seedling stage salinity tolerance. B?D, Diverse phenotypic expression of different genotypes for grain color (B), lemma and palea color (C) and response to salinity stress (D). SES, Standard evaluation system.
Fig. 2. Box plot distributions of trait values under normal (N), stress (S) and relative stress (RS) conditions. SES, Standard evaluation system.
Fig. 3. Graphical representation of correlation coefficients and principal component biplots for normal (A and E), salinity stress (B and F) and relative stress (C and G) conditions along with combined data (D and H). SL, Shoot length; RL, Root length; Na, Shoot Na+ content; K, Shoot K+ content; Ca, Shoot Ca2+ content; Mg, Shoot Mg2+ content; Na/K, Ratio of Na+ to K+; SES, Standard evaluation system; HS, Highly susceptible; MT, Moderately tolerant; S, Susceptible. FL478, Tulasimog, Kuttimanja and IET-13713I are tolerant genotypes with SES score of 3, and IR29 is a highly susceptible genotype with SES score of 9.
| Parameter | Cluster I | Cluster II | Cluster III | Cluster IV | Cluster V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | 28 | 31 | 26 | 18 | 44 |
| Normal | |||||
| SES score | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Shoot length (cm) | 48.77 | 47.57 | 29.00 | 37.37 | 41.53 |
| Root length (cm) | 10.55 | 13.75 | 10.83 | 13.35 | 9.65 |
| Na+ content (mmol/g) | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.22 |
| K+ content (mmol/g) | 1.24 | 1.31 | 1.09 | 1.24 | 1.20 |
| Ca2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.21 |
| Mg2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.24 | 0.34 |
| Na+/K+ ratio | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.19 |
| Stress | |||||
| SES score | 8.00 | 6.06 | 7.54 | 7.44 | 8.39 |
| Shoot length (cm) | 29.23 | 32.67 | 20.62 | 24.86 | 24.58 |
| Root length (cm) | 5.74 | 10.52 | 7.78 | 8.33 | 5.48 |
| Na+ content (mmol/g) | 3.73 | 2.89 | 3.44 | 3.69 | 3.21 |
| K+ content (mmol/g) | 0.65 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.39 | 0.65 |
| Ca2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.10 |
| Mg2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.27 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.25 |
| Na+/K+ ratio | 6.20 | 5.84 | 6.79 | 9.63 | 5.09 |
| Relative stress | |||||
| SES score | 1.07 | 0.77 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.13 |
| Shoot length (cm) | 1.10 | 0.85 | 0.78 | 0.92 | 1.13 |
| Root length (cm) | 1.28 | 0.65 | 0.80 | 1.08 | 1.19 |
| Na+ content (mmol/g) | 2.03 | 1.41 | 1.01 | 1.59 | 0.95 |
| K+ content (mmol/g) | 0.87 | 1.91 | 0.95 | 1.27 | 0.82 |
| Ca2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.50 | 1.26 | -0.01 | 0.24 | 0.94 |
| Mg2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.43 | 1.26 | 0.23 | -2.09 | 1.20 |
| Na+/K+ ratio | 1.81 | 1.60 | 1.01 | 2.37 | 0.79 |
Table 2. Cluster mean values for different traits of rice genotypes evaluated under normal, stress and relative stress conditions.
| Parameter | Cluster I | Cluster II | Cluster III | Cluster IV | Cluster V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | 28 | 31 | 26 | 18 | 44 |
| Normal | |||||
| SES score | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Shoot length (cm) | 48.77 | 47.57 | 29.00 | 37.37 | 41.53 |
| Root length (cm) | 10.55 | 13.75 | 10.83 | 13.35 | 9.65 |
| Na+ content (mmol/g) | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.22 |
| K+ content (mmol/g) | 1.24 | 1.31 | 1.09 | 1.24 | 1.20 |
| Ca2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.21 |
| Mg2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.24 | 0.34 |
| Na+/K+ ratio | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.19 |
| Stress | |||||
| SES score | 8.00 | 6.06 | 7.54 | 7.44 | 8.39 |
| Shoot length (cm) | 29.23 | 32.67 | 20.62 | 24.86 | 24.58 |
| Root length (cm) | 5.74 | 10.52 | 7.78 | 8.33 | 5.48 |
| Na+ content (mmol/g) | 3.73 | 2.89 | 3.44 | 3.69 | 3.21 |
| K+ content (mmol/g) | 0.65 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.39 | 0.65 |
| Ca2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.10 |
| Mg2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.27 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.25 |
| Na+/K+ ratio | 6.20 | 5.84 | 6.79 | 9.63 | 5.09 |
| Relative stress | |||||
| SES score | 1.07 | 0.77 | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.13 |
| Shoot length (cm) | 1.10 | 0.85 | 0.78 | 0.92 | 1.13 |
| Root length (cm) | 1.28 | 0.65 | 0.80 | 1.08 | 1.19 |
| Na+ content (mmol/g) | 2.03 | 1.41 | 1.01 | 1.59 | 0.95 |
| K+ content (mmol/g) | 0.87 | 1.91 | 0.95 | 1.27 | 0.82 |
| Ca2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.50 | 1.26 | -0.01 | 0.24 | 0.94 |
| Mg2+ content (mmol/g) | 0.43 | 1.26 | 0.23 | -2.09 | 1.20 |
| Na+/K+ ratio | 1.81 | 1.60 | 1.01 | 2.37 | 0.79 |
Fig. 4. Graphical genotypes for 11 Saltol linked markers over 17 tolerant and moderately tolerant genotypes constructed using GGT version 2.0. The colors indicate different alleles obtained in each genotype for different markers and gray color indicated unamplified region. SES, Standard evaluation system.
| Saltol linked marker | No. of genotypes with FL478 type allele a | No. of genotypes with IR29 type allele a | No. of genotypes with other alleles a |
|---|---|---|---|
| RM10655 | 4 (23.53) | 12 (70.59) | 1 (5.88) |
| RM10694 | 10 (58.82) | 7 (41.18) | 0 (0.00) |
| RM10711 | 8 (47.06) | 7 (41.18) | 2 (11.76) |
| AP3206F | 0 (0.00) | 1 (5.88) | 16 (94.12) |
| RM3412b | 5 (29.41) | 8 (47.06) | 4 (23.53) |
| RM10793 | 7 (41.18) | 5 (29.41) | 4 (23.53) |
| RM10800 | 1 (5.88) | 16 (94.12) | 0 (0.00) |
| RM10825 | 1 (5.88) | 13 (76.47) | 3 (17.65) |
| RM10843 | 9 (56.25) | 7 (43.75) | 0 (0.00) |
| RM10864 | 3 (17.65) | 13 (76.47) | 1 (5.88) |
| RM10927 | 5 (29.41) | 12 (70.59) | 0 (0.00) |
Table 3. Allelic variations in 11 Saltol linked simple sequence repeat markers used in haplotype analysis of 17 tolerant and moderately tolerant genotypes.
| Saltol linked marker | No. of genotypes with FL478 type allele a | No. of genotypes with IR29 type allele a | No. of genotypes with other alleles a |
|---|---|---|---|
| RM10655 | 4 (23.53) | 12 (70.59) | 1 (5.88) |
| RM10694 | 10 (58.82) | 7 (41.18) | 0 (0.00) |
| RM10711 | 8 (47.06) | 7 (41.18) | 2 (11.76) |
| AP3206F | 0 (0.00) | 1 (5.88) | 16 (94.12) |
| RM3412b | 5 (29.41) | 8 (47.06) | 4 (23.53) |
| RM10793 | 7 (41.18) | 5 (29.41) | 4 (23.53) |
| RM10800 | 1 (5.88) | 16 (94.12) | 0 (0.00) |
| RM10825 | 1 (5.88) | 13 (76.47) | 3 (17.65) |
| RM10843 | 9 (56.25) | 7 (43.75) | 0 (0.00) |
| RM10864 | 3 (17.65) | 13 (76.47) | 1 (5.88) |
| RM10927 | 5 (29.41) | 12 (70.59) | 0 (0.00) |
| Genotype (SES score) | No. of markers with tolerant type allele a | No. of markers with susceptible type allele a | No. of markers with diverse allele a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kuttimanja (SES-3) | 4 (36.36) | 5 (45.45) | 2 (18.18) |
| IET-13713I (SES-3) | 2 (20.00) | 6 (60.00) | 2 (20.00) |
| Tulasimog (SES-3) | 2 (18.18) | 5 (45.45) | 4 (36.36) |
| Culture (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 2 (18.18) |
| KHP-10 (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 2 (18.18) |
| Magadsugandha (SES-5) | 4 (36.36) | 6 (54.55) | 1 (9.09) |
| Doodaalur (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 2 (18.18) |
| Karana (SES-5) | 2 (18.18) | 8 (72.73) | 1 (9.09) |
| Ragoli (SES-5) | 5 (45.45) | 5 (45.45) | 1 (9.09) |
| Shankitha (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 7 (63.64) | 1 (9.09) |
| Suhasa (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 4 (36.36) | 4 (36.36) |
| IET-18461 (SES-5) | 7 (63.64) | 3 (27.27) | 1 (9.09) |
| Peetasale (SES-5) | 1 (9.09) | 8 (72.73) | 2 (18.18) |
| Selamsanna (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 2 (18.18) |
| Chinamani (SES-4) | 2 (18.18) | 8 (72.73) | 1 (9.09) |
| IET-14640 (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 1 (9.09) |
| MSM2 (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 8 (72.73) | 0 (0.00) |
Table 4. Distributions of tolerant (FL478 type), susceptible (IR29 type) and diverse (other than FL478 and IR29) allelic contents in 17 tolerant and moderately tolerant genotypes used in haplotype analysis with 11 Saltol linked simple sequence repeat markers.
| Genotype (SES score) | No. of markers with tolerant type allele a | No. of markers with susceptible type allele a | No. of markers with diverse allele a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kuttimanja (SES-3) | 4 (36.36) | 5 (45.45) | 2 (18.18) |
| IET-13713I (SES-3) | 2 (20.00) | 6 (60.00) | 2 (20.00) |
| Tulasimog (SES-3) | 2 (18.18) | 5 (45.45) | 4 (36.36) |
| Culture (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 2 (18.18) |
| KHP-10 (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 2 (18.18) |
| Magadsugandha (SES-5) | 4 (36.36) | 6 (54.55) | 1 (9.09) |
| Doodaalur (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 2 (18.18) |
| Karana (SES-5) | 2 (18.18) | 8 (72.73) | 1 (9.09) |
| Ragoli (SES-5) | 5 (45.45) | 5 (45.45) | 1 (9.09) |
| Shankitha (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 7 (63.64) | 1 (9.09) |
| Suhasa (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 4 (36.36) | 4 (36.36) |
| IET-18461 (SES-5) | 7 (63.64) | 3 (27.27) | 1 (9.09) |
| Peetasale (SES-5) | 1 (9.09) | 8 (72.73) | 2 (18.18) |
| Selamsanna (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 2 (18.18) |
| Chinamani (SES-4) | 2 (18.18) | 8 (72.73) | 1 (9.09) |
| IET-14640 (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 6 (54.55) | 1 (9.09) |
| MSM2 (SES-5) | 3 (27.27) | 8 (72.73) | 0 (0.00) |
Fig. 5. Performances of tolerant (FL478, Tulasimog, Kuttimanja and IET-13713I) and susceptible (IR29) genotypes for morpho- physiological characters under normal and salinity stress conditions. SES, Standard evaluation system. Data are Mean ± SD (n = 9).
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