Rice Science ›› 2018, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 42-51.DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2017.08.003
收稿日期:2017-05-08
接受日期:2017-08-31
出版日期:2018-01-28
发布日期:2017-11-16
. [J]. Rice Science, 2018, 25(1): 42-51.
| Type | Dose | RDS | SDS | RS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | ||||
| Raw starch | 0 kGy | 31.3 ± 0.4 bA | 40.5 ± 0.4 aA | 51.4 ± 1.0 aC | 52.1 ± 0.8 aB | 16.5 ± 1.0 aA | 6.1 ± 0.3 bB | ||
| 1 kGy | 31.8 ± 0.6 bA | 40.4 ± 0.8 aA | 62.6 ± 0.8 aA | 47.4 ± 1.0 bC | 4.7 ± 0.8 bD | 10.8 ± 0.6 aA | |||
| 2 kGy | 29.2 ± 1.0 bB | 40.1 ± 0.5 aA | 59.4 ± 0.9 aB | 51.6 ± 0.9 bB | 10.5 ± 0.4 aB | 7.0 ± 0.6 bB | |||
| 5 kGy | 31.3 ± 0.2 bA | 40.7 ± 0.4 aA | 60.6 ± 0.9 aB | 55.0 ± 0.8 bA | 7.2 ± 1.0 aC | 3.0 ± 0.4 bC | |||
| Cooked starch | 0 kGy | 87.6 ± 1.2 aB | 88.7 ± 1.1 aB | 7.8 ± 0.7 aB | 6.5 ± 1.0 aA | 3.8 ± 0.7 aB | 3.4 ± 0.7 aB | ||
| 1 kGy | 83.0 ± 0.6 bC | 92.6 ± 1.1 aA | 15.1 ± 1.4 aA | 5.1 ± 0.7 bAB | 1.1 ± 0.4 aC | 1.0 ± 0.7 aC | |||
| 2 kGy | 76.6 ± 0.8 bD | 88.6 ± 1.6 aB | 15.5 ± 0.5 aA | 4.5 ± 0.5 bB | 7.0 ± 0.8 aA | 5.7 ± 0.5 bA | |||
| 5 kGy | 95.2 ± 0.8 aA | 92.6 ± 0.4 bA | 2.6 ± 0.6 aC | 2.2 ± 0.3 aC | 1.4 ± 0.4 bC | 3.9 ± 0.4 aB | |||
Table 1 Starch digestibility of raw and cooked samples of native and irradiated starch of two rice cultivars. %
| Type | Dose | RDS | SDS | RS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | ||||
| Raw starch | 0 kGy | 31.3 ± 0.4 bA | 40.5 ± 0.4 aA | 51.4 ± 1.0 aC | 52.1 ± 0.8 aB | 16.5 ± 1.0 aA | 6.1 ± 0.3 bB | ||
| 1 kGy | 31.8 ± 0.6 bA | 40.4 ± 0.8 aA | 62.6 ± 0.8 aA | 47.4 ± 1.0 bC | 4.7 ± 0.8 bD | 10.8 ± 0.6 aA | |||
| 2 kGy | 29.2 ± 1.0 bB | 40.1 ± 0.5 aA | 59.4 ± 0.9 aB | 51.6 ± 0.9 bB | 10.5 ± 0.4 aB | 7.0 ± 0.6 bB | |||
| 5 kGy | 31.3 ± 0.2 bA | 40.7 ± 0.4 aA | 60.6 ± 0.9 aB | 55.0 ± 0.8 bA | 7.2 ± 1.0 aC | 3.0 ± 0.4 bC | |||
| Cooked starch | 0 kGy | 87.6 ± 1.2 aB | 88.7 ± 1.1 aB | 7.8 ± 0.7 aB | 6.5 ± 1.0 aA | 3.8 ± 0.7 aB | 3.4 ± 0.7 aB | ||
| 1 kGy | 83.0 ± 0.6 bC | 92.6 ± 1.1 aA | 15.1 ± 1.4 aA | 5.1 ± 0.7 bAB | 1.1 ± 0.4 aC | 1.0 ± 0.7 aC | |||
| 2 kGy | 76.6 ± 0.8 bD | 88.6 ± 1.6 aB | 15.5 ± 0.5 aA | 4.5 ± 0.5 bB | 7.0 ± 0.8 aA | 5.7 ± 0.5 bA | |||
| 5 kGy | 95.2 ± 0.8 aA | 92.6 ± 0.4 bA | 2.6 ± 0.6 aC | 2.2 ± 0.3 aC | 1.4 ± 0.4 bC | 3.9 ± 0.4 aB | |||
| Dose | TDF | L | b* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | |||
| 0 kGy | 0.6 ± 0.2 aAB | 0.7 ± 0.2 aA | 99.4 ± 0.3 aA | 98.7 ± 0.3 bB | 6.0 ± 0.1 aD | 5.9 ± 0.0 bD | ||
| 1 kGy | 0.3 ± 0.1 bB | 0.7 ± 0.2 aA | 99.6 ± 0.2 aA | 99.5 ± 0.5 aA | 6.2 ± 0.0 aC | 6.2 ± 0.0 aC | ||
| 2 kGy | 0.4 ± 0.3 aB | 0.5 ± 0.1 aA | 99.2 ± 0.2 aA | 99.6 ± 0.2 aA | 6.4 ± 0.1 aB | 6.4 ± 0.1 aB | ||
| 5 kGy | 1.0 ± 0.2 aA | 0.6 ± 0.2 bA | 99.6 ± 0.3 aA | 99.4 ± 0.2 aA | 6.8 ± 0.1 aA | 6.9 ± 0.1 aA | ||
Table 2 Total dietary fiber content (% dry basis) and instrumental color of native and irradiated starch of two rice cultivars.
| Dose | TDF | L | b* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | |||
| 0 kGy | 0.6 ± 0.2 aAB | 0.7 ± 0.2 aA | 99.4 ± 0.3 aA | 98.7 ± 0.3 bB | 6.0 ± 0.1 aD | 5.9 ± 0.0 bD | ||
| 1 kGy | 0.3 ± 0.1 bB | 0.7 ± 0.2 aA | 99.6 ± 0.2 aA | 99.5 ± 0.5 aA | 6.2 ± 0.0 aC | 6.2 ± 0.0 aC | ||
| 2 kGy | 0.4 ± 0.3 aB | 0.5 ± 0.1 aA | 99.2 ± 0.2 aA | 99.6 ± 0.2 aA | 6.4 ± 0.1 aB | 6.4 ± 0.1 aB | ||
| 5 kGy | 1.0 ± 0.2 aA | 0.6 ± 0.2 bA | 99.6 ± 0.3 aA | 99.4 ± 0.2 aA | 6.8 ± 0.1 aA | 6.9 ± 0.1 aA | ||
| Dose | WAI (g/g) | WSI (%) | Syneresis (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | |||
| 0 kGy | 2.08 ± 0.01 bB | 2.11 ± 0.02 aB | 0.05 ± 0.01 aD | 0.06 ± 0.04 aD | 0.28 ± 0.01 bA | 2.38 ± 0.09 aC | ||
| 1 kGy | 2.10 ± 0.02 aB | 2.12 ± 0.01 aAB | 0.11 ± 0.01 aC | 0.12 ± 0.01 aC | 0.33 ± 0.01 bA | 2.77 ± 0.21 aB | ||
| 2 kGy | 2.10 ± 0.02 bB | 2.15 ± 0.01 aA | 0.15 ± 0.01 aB | 0.16 ± 0.01 aB | 0.38 ± 0.02 bA | 3.93 ± 0.12 aA | ||
| 5 kGy | 2.17 ± 0.01 aA | 2.15 ± 0.01 aA | 0.27 ± 0.01 aA | 0.24 ± 0.02 bA | 0.42 ± 0.02 bA | 2.44 ± 0.06 aC | ||
Table 3 Water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI) and syneresis of native and irradiated starch of two rice cultivars.
| Dose | WAI (g/g) | WSI (%) | Syneresis (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | |||
| 0 kGy | 2.08 ± 0.01 bB | 2.11 ± 0.02 aB | 0.05 ± 0.01 aD | 0.06 ± 0.04 aD | 0.28 ± 0.01 bA | 2.38 ± 0.09 aC | ||
| 1 kGy | 2.10 ± 0.02 aB | 2.12 ± 0.01 aAB | 0.11 ± 0.01 aC | 0.12 ± 0.01 aC | 0.33 ± 0.01 bA | 2.77 ± 0.21 aB | ||
| 2 kGy | 2.10 ± 0.02 bB | 2.15 ± 0.01 aA | 0.15 ± 0.01 aB | 0.16 ± 0.01 aB | 0.38 ± 0.02 bA | 3.93 ± 0.12 aA | ||
| 5 kGy | 2.17 ± 0.01 aA | 2.15 ± 0.01 aA | 0.27 ± 0.01 aA | 0.24 ± 0.02 bA | 0.42 ± 0.02 bA | 2.44 ± 0.06 aC | ||
Fig. 1. Swelling factor of granules in the aqueous slurry (2%) and amylose leaching of granules in the aqueous slurry (2%) of native and irradiated starch of two rice cultivars.
| T | Cultivar | Swelling factor | Amylose leaching (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (°C) | 0 kGy | 1 kGy | 2 kGy | 5 kGy | 0 kGy | 1 kGy | 2 kGy | 5 kGy | ||
| 55 | IAC202 | 2.8 ± 0.2 bB | 4.0 ± 0.4 bA | 3.3 ± 0.5 aAB | 4.4 ± 0.6 bA | 0.02 ± 0.01 bB | 0.05 ± 0.02 bB | 0.14 ± 0.05 bA | 0.20 ± 0.03 bA | |
| IRGA417 | 3.8 ± 0.4 aC | 5.7 ± 0.4 aB | 4.0 ± 0.8 aC | 7.7 ± 0.4 aA | 0.22 ± 0.02 aC | 0.27 ± 0.03 aBC | 0.32 ± 0.01 aB | 0.49 ± 0.02 aA | ||
| 65 | IAC202 | 4.8 ± 0.4 bC | 6.0 ± 0.2 bA | 5.8 ± 0.2 aAB | 5.2 ± 0.5 bBC | 1.55 ± 0.02 bD | 1.96 ± 0.02 bC | 2.37 ± 0.10 bB | 3.38 ± 0.16 bA | |
| IRGA417 | 7.6 ± 0.1 aA | 8.2 ± 0.1 aA | 6.1 ± 0.2 aB | 7.9 ± 0.1 aA | 2.13 ± 0.06 aD | 2.72 ± 0.10 aC | 3.43 ± 0.07 aB | 5.13 ± 0.14 aA | ||
| 75 | IAC202 | 10.2 ± 0.6 aA | 10.4 ± 0.1 aA | 10.1 ± 0.3 aA | 7.8 ± 0.3 aB | 8.00 ± 0.32 aD | 9.79 ± 0.29 aC | 10.98 ± 0.09 aB | 13.92 ± 0.02 aA | |
| IRGA417 | 9.2 ± 0.6 bA | 8.2 ± 0.4 bAB | 7.9 ± 0.7 bB | 7.6 ± 0.4 aB | 4.09 ± 0.08 bD | 5.14 ± 0.17 bC | 6.49 ± 0.31 bB | 8.99 ± 0.14 bA | ||
| 85 | IAC202 | 10.7 ± 0.3 aB | 11.7 ± 0.5 aA | 11.5 ± 0.1 aA | 10.8 ± 0.4 aB | 19.89 ± 0.29 aC | 23.23 ± 0.59 aB | 23.82 ± 0.58 aB | 27.46 ± 0.61 aA | |
| IRGA417 | 10.5 ± 0.1 aA | 9.8 ± 0.1 bB | 10.3 ± 0.2 bAB | 8.3 ± 0.2 bC | 11.44 ± 0.45 bD | 14.38 ± 0.18 bC | 15.64 ± 0.45 bB | 19.78 ± 0.03 bA | ||
| 95 | IAC202 | 25.7 ± 0.5 aA | 23.8 ± 0.2 aC | 24.9 ± 0.1 aB | 24.4 ± 0.1 bB | 33.56 ± 0.22 aC | 36.46 ± 0.55 aB | 36.74 ± 0.78 aB | 42.29 ± 0.54 aA | |
| IRGA417 | 18.7 ± 0.1 bC | 18.8 ± 0.3 bBC | 19.3 ± 0.1 bB | 24.8 ± 0.2 aA | 24.82 ± 0.15 bD | 27.99 ± 0.55 bC | 29.77 ± 0.26 bB | 33.75 ± 0.79 bA | ||
Table 4 Swelling factor and amylose leaching of native and irradiated starch of two rice cultivars.
| T | Cultivar | Swelling factor | Amylose leaching (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (°C) | 0 kGy | 1 kGy | 2 kGy | 5 kGy | 0 kGy | 1 kGy | 2 kGy | 5 kGy | ||
| 55 | IAC202 | 2.8 ± 0.2 bB | 4.0 ± 0.4 bA | 3.3 ± 0.5 aAB | 4.4 ± 0.6 bA | 0.02 ± 0.01 bB | 0.05 ± 0.02 bB | 0.14 ± 0.05 bA | 0.20 ± 0.03 bA | |
| IRGA417 | 3.8 ± 0.4 aC | 5.7 ± 0.4 aB | 4.0 ± 0.8 aC | 7.7 ± 0.4 aA | 0.22 ± 0.02 aC | 0.27 ± 0.03 aBC | 0.32 ± 0.01 aB | 0.49 ± 0.02 aA | ||
| 65 | IAC202 | 4.8 ± 0.4 bC | 6.0 ± 0.2 bA | 5.8 ± 0.2 aAB | 5.2 ± 0.5 bBC | 1.55 ± 0.02 bD | 1.96 ± 0.02 bC | 2.37 ± 0.10 bB | 3.38 ± 0.16 bA | |
| IRGA417 | 7.6 ± 0.1 aA | 8.2 ± 0.1 aA | 6.1 ± 0.2 aB | 7.9 ± 0.1 aA | 2.13 ± 0.06 aD | 2.72 ± 0.10 aC | 3.43 ± 0.07 aB | 5.13 ± 0.14 aA | ||
| 75 | IAC202 | 10.2 ± 0.6 aA | 10.4 ± 0.1 aA | 10.1 ± 0.3 aA | 7.8 ± 0.3 aB | 8.00 ± 0.32 aD | 9.79 ± 0.29 aC | 10.98 ± 0.09 aB | 13.92 ± 0.02 aA | |
| IRGA417 | 9.2 ± 0.6 bA | 8.2 ± 0.4 bAB | 7.9 ± 0.7 bB | 7.6 ± 0.4 aB | 4.09 ± 0.08 bD | 5.14 ± 0.17 bC | 6.49 ± 0.31 bB | 8.99 ± 0.14 bA | ||
| 85 | IAC202 | 10.7 ± 0.3 aB | 11.7 ± 0.5 aA | 11.5 ± 0.1 aA | 10.8 ± 0.4 aB | 19.89 ± 0.29 aC | 23.23 ± 0.59 aB | 23.82 ± 0.58 aB | 27.46 ± 0.61 aA | |
| IRGA417 | 10.5 ± 0.1 aA | 9.8 ± 0.1 bB | 10.3 ± 0.2 bAB | 8.3 ± 0.2 bC | 11.44 ± 0.45 bD | 14.38 ± 0.18 bC | 15.64 ± 0.45 bB | 19.78 ± 0.03 bA | ||
| 95 | IAC202 | 25.7 ± 0.5 aA | 23.8 ± 0.2 aC | 24.9 ± 0.1 aB | 24.4 ± 0.1 bB | 33.56 ± 0.22 aC | 36.46 ± 0.55 aB | 36.74 ± 0.78 aB | 42.29 ± 0.54 aA | |
| IRGA417 | 18.7 ± 0.1 bC | 18.8 ± 0.3 bBC | 19.3 ± 0.1 bB | 24.8 ± 0.2 aA | 24.82 ± 0.15 bD | 27.99 ± 0.55 bC | 29.77 ± 0.26 bB | 33.75 ± 0.79 bA | ||
Fig. 2. RVA pasting profile of aqueous slurry (9.2%) of native and irradiated starch of two rice cultivars.Black line shows data with pH unadjusted. Gray line shows data with pH adjusted to 7.
| Dose | Peak viscosity (RVU) | Breakdown (RVU) | Final viscosity (RVU) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | |||
| 0 kGy | 164 ± 1 bA | 236 ± 1 aA | 73 ± 1 aC | 63 ± 1 bC | 230 ± 4 bA | 418 ± 2 aA | ||
| 1 kGy | 150 ± 1 bB | 177 ± 2 aB | 87 ± 3 aA | 69 ± 1 bB | 158 ± 5 bB | 289 ± 3 aB | ||
| 2 kGy | 131 ± 1 bC | 159 ± 4 aC | 82 ± 1 aB | 76 ± 1 bA | 122 ± 1 bC | 233 ± 3 aC | ||
| 5 kGy | 112 ± 4 aD | 111 ± 1 aD | 84 ± 2 aAB | 67 ± 0 bBC | 76 ± 6 bD | 127 ± 4 aD | ||
Table 5 Peak viscosity, breakdown and final viscosity of native and irradiated starch of two rice cultivars.
| Dose | Peak viscosity (RVU) | Breakdown (RVU) | Final viscosity (RVU) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | |||
| 0 kGy | 164 ± 1 bA | 236 ± 1 aA | 73 ± 1 aC | 63 ± 1 bC | 230 ± 4 bA | 418 ± 2 aA | ||
| 1 kGy | 150 ± 1 bB | 177 ± 2 aB | 87 ± 3 aA | 69 ± 1 bB | 158 ± 5 bB | 289 ± 3 aB | ||
| 2 kGy | 131 ± 1 bC | 159 ± 4 aC | 82 ± 1 aB | 76 ± 1 bA | 122 ± 1 bC | 233 ± 3 aC | ||
| 5 kGy | 112 ± 4 aD | 111 ± 1 aD | 84 ± 2 aAB | 67 ± 0 bBC | 76 ± 6 bD | 127 ± 4 aD | ||
| Dose | Setback (RVU) | Pasting temperature (°C) | Gel firmness (g) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | |||
| 0 kGy | 140 ± 3 bA | 245 ± 1 aA | 76.6 ± 0.2 bA | 83.3 ± 0.0 aC | 184 ± 3 bD | 225 ± 2 aA | ||
| 1 kGy | 95 ± 3 bB | 180 ± 2 aB | 74.1 ± 0.4 bC | 84.1 ± 0.0 aB | 194 ± 2 bC | 229 ± 3 aA | ||
| 2 kGy | 74 ± 1 bC | 150 ± 1 aC | 74.6 ± 0.2 bB | 83.5 ± 0.2 aC | 218 ± 2 aB | 223 ± 3 aA | ||
| 5 kGy | 49 ± 3 bD | 83 ± 3 aD | 72.8 ± 0.0 bD | 84.9 ± 0.0 aA | 228 ± 3 aA | 120 ± 5 bB | ||
Table 6 Setback, pasting temperature and gel firmness of native and irradiated starch of two rice cultivars.
| Dose | Setback (RVU) | Pasting temperature (°C) | Gel firmness (g) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | IAC202 | IRGA417 | |||
| 0 kGy | 140 ± 3 bA | 245 ± 1 aA | 76.6 ± 0.2 bA | 83.3 ± 0.0 aC | 184 ± 3 bD | 225 ± 2 aA | ||
| 1 kGy | 95 ± 3 bB | 180 ± 2 aB | 74.1 ± 0.4 bC | 84.1 ± 0.0 aB | 194 ± 2 bC | 229 ± 3 aA | ||
| 2 kGy | 74 ± 1 bC | 150 ± 1 aC | 74.6 ± 0.2 bB | 83.5 ± 0.2 aC | 218 ± 2 aB | 223 ± 3 aA | ||
| 5 kGy | 49 ± 3 bD | 83 ± 3 aD | 72.8 ± 0.0 bD | 84.9 ± 0.0 aA | 228 ± 3 aA | 120 ± 5 bB | ||
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