Genetic Regulation of Phytic Acid Biosynthesis in Rice: Pathways and Breeding Approaches for Low-Phytate Varieties
Received date: 2025-05-25
Accepted date: 2025-08-10
Online published: 2025-12-04
Phytic acid (PA), or myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, is the main storage form of phosphorus (P) in seeds, accounting for 65% to 85% of their total P content. The negative charge of PA attracts metal cations, forming insoluble salts called phytates. These phytates, contain six negatively charged ions, can bind divalent cations such as Fe2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+, preventing their absorption in monogastric animals. To overcome P deficiency in non-ruminants, phytase is usually given as a supplement, which then results in excess P excretion, leading to environmental problems such as eutrophication. Improved fertilizer management, food processing techniques, and the development of low-PA crops through plant breeding are envisioned as effective ways to improve P-utilization and lessen the environmental impact while minimizing the effect of PA. A better understanding of the molecular and physiological basis of PA biosynthesis, grain PA distribution, the effects of genetic and environmental factors on PA accumulation, and methods to increase micronutrient bioavailability by lowering the effects of PA is essential for developing low-PA crops.
Key words： phytic acid; mineral; mitigation; metabolism; myo-inositol; lpa mutant
Lishali Desingu, R. L. Visakh, R. P. Sah, Uday Chand Jha, R. V. Manju, Swapna Alex, Radha Beena . Genetic Regulation of Phytic Acid Biosynthesis in Rice: Pathways and Breeding Approaches for Low-Phytate Varieties[J]. Rice Science, 2025 , 32(6) : 797 -812 . DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.10.003
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