The vertical migration of Aphelenchoides besseyi under different temperatures and humidities and at different rice growth stages was investigated. It was found that the optimum temperature for the development and reproduction of A. besseyi was 25–30°C. At the same temperature, the rate of vertical migration increased with rising relative humidity. Artificial inoculation tests showed that at the elongation stage, nematodes survived mainly on the upper and middle parts of rice culms, and the number of nematodes decreased by 50% at 20 days after inoculation compared with that at 5 days after inoculation. Whereas at the booting stage, nematodes accumulated in young panicles and reproduced quickly, and the average number of nematodes at 20 days after inoculation increased to 164.5, three times of that at 5 days after inoculation.
SUN Min-jie, LIU Wei-hong, LIN Mao-song
. Effects of Temperature, Humidity and Different Rice Growth Stages on Vertical Migration of Aphelenchoides besseyi[J]. Rice Science, 2009
, 16(4)
: 301
-306
.
DOI: 10.1016/S1672-6308(08)60094-3
1 Mcgawley E C, Rush M C, Hollis J P. Occurrence of Aphelenchoides besseyi in Louisiana rice seed and its interaction with Sclertium oryzae in selected cultivars. J Nematol, 1984, 16(1): 65–68.
2 Jagdale G B, Gerwal P S. Effectiveness of a hot water drench for the control of foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides fragarize, in floriculture. J Nematol, 2004, 36(1): 49–53.
3 Wang Z M, Zhou F M, Lu Y L, Lu H F, Lu X L, Xu M B, Chen Z Y, Liu Y F, Xu Y. The causes of small grains and erect ears of rice and its control countermeasures in Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu Agric Sci, 2003(5): 1–6. (in Chinese)
4 Wang Z Y, Yang H F, Ji M X. The small grains and erect panicle of rice caused by nematode and control the disease in Jiangsu Province. J Nanjing Agric Univ, 2006, 29(1): 54–56. (in Chinese with English abstract)
5 Lin M S, Ding X F, Wang Z M, Zhou F M, Lin N. Description of Aphelenchoides besseyi from abnormal rice with ‘small grains and erect panicles’ symptom in China. Rice Sci, 2004, 12(4): 289–294.
6 Fan L Z, Shi R G, Xie X J, Niu Y C. Studies on the pathogen of small grains and erect ears of rice and its control measures. Plant Prot, 2007, 33(2): 94–97. (in Chinese with English abstract)
7 Wang Z M, Zhou F M, Lu H F, Lu Y L, Lu X L, Xu M B, Chen Z Y, Liu Y F, Wei W. Study on causes and control measures of small grains and erect ears in rice in Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu Agric Sci, 2004(3): 33–38. (in Chinese)
8 Salar J, Ebrahim P, Azizolah A, Faramarz A. Incidence and distribution of Aphelenchoides besseyi in rice areas in Iran. J Agric Tech, 2006, 2(2): 337–344.
9 Prot J C, Gergon E B. Nematodes. In: Mew T W, Misra J K. A Manual of Rice Seed Health Testing. Manila, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute, 1994: 47–48.
10 Ibrahim S K, Perry R N, Burrows P R, Hooper D J. Differentiation of species and populations of Aphelenchoides and of Ditylenchus angustus using a fragment of ribosomal DNA. J Nematol, 1994, 26(4): 412–421.
11 Peng Y L, Moens M. Host resistance and tolerance to migratory plant-parasitic nematodes. Nematology, 2003, 5(2): 145–177.
12 Jagdale G B, Grewal P S. Infection behavior and over-wintering survival of foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides fragariae, on hosta. J Nematol, 2006, 38(1): 130–136.
13 Tytgat T, Meutter J D, Gheysen G, Coomans A. Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes as a model for other plant parasitic nematodes. Nematology, 2000, 2(1): 113–121.
14 Adamo J A, Madamba C P, Chen T A. Vertical migration of the rice white tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi. J Nematol, 1976, 8(2): 146–152.
15 Liu W H, Lin M S, Li H M, Sun M J. Dynamic development of Aphelenchoides besseyi on rice plant by artificial inoculation in the greenhouse. Agric Sci China, 2008, 7(8): 970–976.
16 Togashi K, Hoshino S. Distribution pattern and mortality of the white tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), among rice seeds. Nematology, 2001, 3(1): 17–24.
17 Togashi K, Hoshino S. Trade-off between dispersal and reproduction of a seed-borne nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi, parasitic on rice plants. Nematology, 2003, 5(6): 821–829.
18 Liu W Z. Plant Nematology. Beijing: China Agricultural Press, 2000: 6. (in Chinese)
19 Ou S H. Rice Diseases. Kew, England: Commonwealth Mycological Institute, 1972.