Simulating Responses of Rice Yield and Nitrogen Fates to Ground Cover Rice Production System under Different Types of Precipitation Years

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2024.06.004

摘要/Abstract

. [J]. Rice Science, 2024, 31(6): 725-739.

Fig. 1. Relationships of simulated and measured ponding water depth (A), soil water storage (B), soil mineral nitrogen (N) content (C), leaf area index (LAI, D), aboveground dry matter (E), crop N uptake (F), and yield (G). The fitted equation is derived from linear regression analysis with an intercept of zero. R2 is the coefficient of determination.

Fig. 2. Rice yield for different types of precipitation years. W1, Conventional flooding paddy; W2, Ground Cover Rice Production System; N1, No nitrogen (N) fertilizer; N2, 135 kg/hm2 urea as a base fertilizer; N3, 135 kg/hm2 urea with split application for W1 and 67.5 kg/hm2 of urea and chicken manure separately for W2. The pentagram and horizontal line in the box diagram are the mean and median, respectively.

Fig. 3. Response of nitrogen (N) fates to Ground Cover Rice Production System (GCRPS) under different types of precipitation years. A, Crop N uptake; B, N leaching; C, Ammonia volatilization; D, N runoff; E, Denitrification; F, Total N loss.W1, Conventional flooding paddy; W2, GCRPS; N1, No-N fertilizer; N2, 135 kg/hm2 urea as a base fertilizer; N3, 135 kg/hm2 urea with split application for W1 and 67.5 kg/hm2 of urea and chicken manure separately for W2. The pentagram and horizontal line in the box diagram are the mean and median, respectively.

Fig. 4. Proportions of nitrogen (N) loss terms for different precipitation year types. W1, Conventional flooding paddy; W2, Ground Cover Rice Production System.

Fig. 5. Correlation analysis between meteorological factors and the rate of yield increase in Ground Cover Rice Production System (GCRPS). R, Rate of yield increasing in GCRPS; P, Precipitation; T, Air temperature; H, Humidity; W, Wind speed; S, Sunshine hours. * or **, Significant at 0.05 or 0.01 probability levels, respectively.

Fig. 6. Rate of yield change in Ground Cover Rice Production System (GCRPS) within 6 d after heavy rainfall at different development stages in wet years.

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