Rice Science ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 235-246.DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.007
• Research Paper • Previous Articles Next Articles
Zhu Jinling1, Wei Ruping1, Wang Xin2, Zheng Chaoqun1, Wang Mengmeng1, Yang Yicheng3, Yang Liuyan1()
Received:
2022-07-21
Accepted:
2022-11-10
Online:
2023-05-28
Published:
2023-03-13
Contact:
Yang Liuyan (yangly@nju.edu.cn)
Zhu Jinling, Wei Ruping, Wang Xin, Zheng Chaoqun, Wang Mengmeng, Yang Yicheng, Yang Liuyan. Polyphosphate Accelerates Transformation of Nonstructural Carbohydrates to Improve Growth of ppk-Expressing Transgenic Rice in Phosphorus Deficiency Culture[J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(3): 235-246.
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Fig. 1. Phenotypes and biomasses in ETRS and wild type (WT) in different phosphate concentration culture media. A, Morphologies of ETRS and WT in LP and CP culture media. Scale bar is 10 cm.B?D, Total (B), root (C) and shoot (D) biomasses of ETRS and WT. Data represent Mean ± SD (n = 3). Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences between ETRS and WT (P < 0.05).ETRS, Polyphosphate kinase (ppk) gene-expressing transgenic rice with a single-copy line; LP, Low inorganic phosphate (Pi) culture medium (15 μmol/L); CP, Normal Pi culture medium (300 μmol/L).
Fig. 2. Relative expression level of ppk gene, and total phosphorus (P) and polyphosphate (polyP) contents in ETRS in different phosphate concentration culture media. A, Relative expression level of polyphosphate kinase (ppk) gene in response to LP and CP. RNA was extracted from rice roots and shoots at the full heading stage. Actin was used as an internal reference. B, Total P contents of ETRS and WT. C, Total P contents in roots of ETRS and WT. D, Total P contents in shoots of ETRS and WT. E, PolyP contents of ETRS and WT. ETRS, ppk gene-expressing transgenic rice with a single-copy line; WT, Wild type; LP, Low inorganic phosphate (Pi) culture medium (15 μmol/L); CP, Normal Pi culture medium (300 μmol/L); ND, Not detected.Data represent Mean ± SD (n = 3). Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences between ETRS and WT (P < 0.05).
Treatment | Rice | Sucrose content | Total soluble sugar content | Starch content | NSC content | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root | Shoot | Root | Shoot | Root | Shoot | Root | Shoot | |||||
LP | ETRS | 19.4 ± 2.2 a | 31.6 ± 4.3 a | 24.5 ± 1.1 b | 47.6 ± 4.0 a | 191 ± 18 a | 121 ± 18 a | 215.5 ± 19.1 a | 168.6 ± 22.0 a | |||
WT | 22.0 ± 1.1 a | 28.6 ± 3.3 a | 29.3 ± 2.0 a | 45.3 ± 3.6 a | 179 ± 13 a | 99 ± 8 b | 208.3 ± 15.0 a | 144.3 ± 11.6 b | ||||
CP | ETRS | 21.6 ± 2.6 a | 38.2 ± 5.3 a | 25.3 ± 2.9 a | 69.8 ± 3.0 a | 208 ± 38 a | 153 ± 8 a | 233.3 ± 40.9 a | 222.8 ± 11.0 a | |||
WT | 19.3 ± 3.3 a | 35.8 ± 1.9 a | 28.9 ± 1.6 a | 61.9 ± 6.5 a | 213 ± 23 a | 149 ± 13 a | 241.9 ± 24.6 a | 210.9 ± 19.5 a |
Table 1. Contents of carbohydrate componants in ETRS and WT in different phosphate concentration culture media. mg/g
Treatment | Rice | Sucrose content | Total soluble sugar content | Starch content | NSC content | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root | Shoot | Root | Shoot | Root | Shoot | Root | Shoot | |||||
LP | ETRS | 19.4 ± 2.2 a | 31.6 ± 4.3 a | 24.5 ± 1.1 b | 47.6 ± 4.0 a | 191 ± 18 a | 121 ± 18 a | 215.5 ± 19.1 a | 168.6 ± 22.0 a | |||
WT | 22.0 ± 1.1 a | 28.6 ± 3.3 a | 29.3 ± 2.0 a | 45.3 ± 3.6 a | 179 ± 13 a | 99 ± 8 b | 208.3 ± 15.0 a | 144.3 ± 11.6 b | ||||
CP | ETRS | 21.6 ± 2.6 a | 38.2 ± 5.3 a | 25.3 ± 2.9 a | 69.8 ± 3.0 a | 208 ± 38 a | 153 ± 8 a | 233.3 ± 40.9 a | 222.8 ± 11.0 a | |||
WT | 19.3 ± 3.3 a | 35.8 ± 1.9 a | 28.9 ± 1.6 a | 61.9 ± 6.5 a | 213 ± 23 a | 149 ± 13 a | 241.9 ± 24.6 a | 210.9 ± 19.5 a |
Fig. 3. Photosynthesis related attributes in shoot of ETRS and WT in different phosphate concentration culture media. A, Photosynthetic rate of ETRS and WT shoots in different phosphate concentration culture media. B, Stomatal conductance of ETRS and WT shoots in different phosphate concentration culture media.. C, Intercellular CO2 concentration of ETRS and WT shoots in different phosphate concentration culture media.. ETRS, Polyphosphate kinase (ppk) gene-expressing transgenic rice with a single-copy line; WT, Wild type; LP, Low inorganic phosphate (Pi) culture medium (15 μmol/L); CP, Normal Pi culture medium (300 μmol/L). Data represent Mean ± SD (n = 3). Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences between ETRS and WT (P < 0.05).
Fig. 4. Sucrose synthase (SS, A) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS, B) activities in shoots of ETRS and WT in different phosphate concentration culture media. ETRS, Polyphosphate kinase (ppk) gene-expressing transgenic rice with a single-copy line; WT, Wild type; LP, Low inorganic phosphate (Pi) culture medium (15 μmol/L); CP, Normal Pi culture medium (300 μmol/L). Data represent Mean ± SD (n = 3). Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences between ETRS and WT (P < 0.05).
Fig. 5. Relative expression levels of OsSUT genes in shoots of ETRS and WT in different phosphate concentration culture media. A-E, Relative expression levels of OsSUT1 (A), OsSUT2 (B), OsSUT3 (C), OsSUT4 (D) and OsSUT5 (E). RNA was extracted from rice shoots at the full heading stage. Actin was used as an internal reference. ETRS, Polyphosphate kinase gene (ppk)-expressing transgenic rice with a single-copy line; WT, Wild type; LP, Low inorganic phosphate (Pi) culture medium (15 μmol/L); CP, Normal Pi culture medium (300 μmol/L). Data represent Mean ± SD (n = 3). Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences between treatments (P < 0.05).
Fig. 6. Mechanism of polyP promoting NSC synthesis and reducing their transport from shoot to root in ETRS in low phosphate concentration culture medium. NSC, Nonstructural carbohydrate; Pi, Inorganic phosphate; SPS, Phosphate synthase.
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