Lodging Resistance Related to Root Traits for Mechanized Wet-Seeding of Two Super Rice Cultivars

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2021.01.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Mechanical hill wet-seeded rice machine is beneficial for establishing and growing uniform rows of seedlings. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the effects of the establishment of furrows on growth, lodging and yield, and their relationships with root traits. In this study, field experiments were conducted during 2012 and 2013 using two super rice varieties (hybrid rice Peizataifeng and inbred rice Yuxiangyouzhan) under three furrow establishment treatments (T1, both water and seed furrows were established by the machine; T2, only seed furrows were established by the machine; and T3, neither water nor seed furrows were established by the machine). Lodging index, lodging-related traits, grain yield, above-ground dry weight and root traits were measured. The results showed that the lodging index was significantly affected by the treatments with furrows (T1 and T2). The strongest lodging resistance was detected in the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice with furrow treatment (T1) in both 2012 and 2013. Lodging resistance was strongly related to the breaking resistance. No significant difference was found in grain yield or dry weight of the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice. Therefore, the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice with furrow treatment increased rice lodging resistance, which was related to root traits.

Key words: seed furrow, grain yield, lodging resistance, root trait, mechanical wet-seeded rice

Minghua Zhang, Zhaowen Mo, Juan Liao, Shenggang Pan, Xiongfei Chen, Le Zheng, Xiwen Luo, Zaiman Wang. Lodging Resistance Related to Root Traits for Mechanized Wet-Seeding of Two Super Rice Cultivars[J]. Rice Science, 2021, 28(2): 200-208.

Figures/Tables 8

References 66

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Year	Variety	Treatment	Height of gravitational center (cm)	Breaking resistance (g·cm)	Lodging index
2012	Peizataifeng	T1	42.28 a	985.14 a	153.25 b
		T2	43.76 a	1 103.92 a	177.27 a
		T3	42.68 a	885.44 a	189.03 a
	Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	42.46 a	1 483.62 a	143.51 b
		T2	41.30 a	1 325.68 a	153.60 a
		T3	41.50 a	1 462.50 a	149.22 a
2013	Peizataifeng	T1	41.16 a	1 216.00 a	146.35 b
		T2	39.34 b	1 014.44 b	178.64 a
		T3	37.32 c	819.86 c	163.75 ab
	Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	38.80 b	1 468.52 a	124.21 b
		T2	39.76 b	1 460.90 a	142.61 a
		T3	41.46 a	1 551.02 a	131.87 b
Analysis of variance
Year (Y)			15.37 *	0.40 ns	45.94 **
Variety (V)			1.56 ns	605.94 **	97.34 **
Treatment (T)			0.79 ns	2.87 ns	27.93 **
Y × V			31.42 **	1.44 ns	1.03 ns
Y × T			0.35 ns	0.67 ns	3.82 *
V × T			8.58 **	7.33 **	5.85 *
Y × V × T			16.20 **	3.90 *	1.93 ns

Year	Variety	Treatment	Height of gravitational center (cm)	Breaking resistance (g·cm)	Lodging index
2012	Peizataifeng	T1	42.28 a	985.14 a	153.25 b
		T2	43.76 a	1 103.92 a	177.27 a
		T3	42.68 a	885.44 a	189.03 a
	Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	42.46 a	1 483.62 a	143.51 b
		T2	41.30 a	1 325.68 a	153.60 a
		T3	41.50 a	1 462.50 a	149.22 a
2013	Peizataifeng	T1	41.16 a	1 216.00 a	146.35 b
		T2	39.34 b	1 014.44 b	178.64 a
		T3	37.32 c	819.86 c	163.75 ab
	Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	38.80 b	1 468.52 a	124.21 b
		T2	39.76 b	1 460.90 a	142.61 a
		T3	41.46 a	1 551.02 a	131.87 b
Analysis of variance
Year (Y)			15.37 *	0.40 ns	45.94 **
Variety (V)			1.56 ns	605.94 **	97.34 **
Treatment (T)			0.79 ns	2.87 ns	27.93 **
Y × V			31.42 **	1.44 ns	1.03 ns
Y × T			0.35 ns	0.67 ns	3.82 *
V × T			8.58 **	7.33 **	5.85 *
Y × V × T			16.20 **	3.90 *	1.93 ns

Variety	Treatment	Grain yield (g/m²)		Dry weight (g/m²)
Variety	Treatment	2012	2013	2012	2013
Peizataifeng	T1	705.64 a	564.39 a	1 055.91 a	1 247.53 a
	T2	704.79 a	575.17 a	1 100.01 a	1 216.12 a
	T3	696.74 a	556.42 a	1 163.18 a	1 236.50 a
Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	781.98 a	767.62 a	1 682.03 a	1 551.87 b
	T2	723.40 a	758.47 a	1 333.77 b	1 763.55 a
	T3	761.58 a	735.05 a	1 396.19 b	1 674.06 ab
Analysis of variance
Year (Y)		8.13 *		13.48 *
Variety (V)		86.11 **		180.58 **
Treatment (T)		0.14 ns		0.17 ns
Y × V		26.92 **		1.23 ns
Y × T		0.15 ns		2.58 ns
V × T		0.15 ns		0.74 ns
Y × V × T		0.07 ns		5.00 *

Variety	Treatment	Grain yield (g/m²)		Dry weight (g/m²)
Variety	Treatment	2012	2013	2012	2013
Peizataifeng	T1	705.64 a	564.39 a	1 055.91 a	1 247.53 a
	T2	704.79 a	575.17 a	1 100.01 a	1 216.12 a
	T3	696.74 a	556.42 a	1 163.18 a	1 236.50 a
Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	781.98 a	767.62 a	1 682.03 a	1 551.87 b
	T2	723.40 a	758.47 a	1 333.77 b	1 763.55 a
	T3	761.58 a	735.05 a	1 396.19 b	1 674.06 ab
Analysis of variance
Year (Y)		8.13 *		13.48 *
Variety (V)		86.11 **		180.58 **
Treatment (T)		0.14 ns		0.17 ns
Y × V		26.92 **		1.23 ns
Y × T		0.15 ns		2.58 ns
V × T		0.15 ns		0.74 ns
Y × V × T		0.07 ns		5.00 *

Year	Variety	Treatment	Root dry weight (g/m²)				Root diameter (mm)
Year	Variety	Treatment	Tillering	Booting	Heading	Maturity	Tillering	Booting	Heading	Maturity
2012	Peizataifeng	T1	82.00 a	118.51 a	101.75 a	75.10 a	0.39 a	0.47 a	0.47 a	0.54 a
		T2	83.34 a	92.36 b	87.22 a	76.63 a	0.38 a	0.47 ab	0.46 a	0.52 a
		T3	64.99 a	81.10 b	94.97 a	82.66 a	0.39 a	0.44 b	0.47 a	0.52 a
	Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	63.43 a	90.58 a	85.84 a	80.76 a	0.41 a	0.45 a	0.48 a	0.48 a
		T2	58.02 a	68.34 b	75.69 a	55.96 b	0.38 a	0.43 ab	0.46 b	0.49 a
		T3	53.55 a	66.89 b	81.81 a	60.49 b	0.37 a	0.40 b	0.46 b	0.49 a
2013	Peizataifeng	T1	31.79 a	78.07 b	89.74 a	70.03 a	0.42 b	0.44 a	0.48 a	0.55 a
		T2	29.49 a	98.46 ab	93.96 a	71.37 a	0.40 b	0.46 a	0.47 a	0.61 a
		T3	27.63 a	119.25 a	98.83 a	74.71 a	0.45 a	0.49 a	0.45 a	0.58 a
	Yuxiangyouzhan	T1	30.29 a	91.53 a	76.41 a	69.00 a	0.38 a	0.44 a	0.47 a	0.50 a
		T2	24.74 b	95.27 a	76.70 a	75.23 a	0.35 a	0.44 a	0.46 a	0.50 a
		T3	27.48 ab	96.48 a	86.11 a	68.60 a	0.38 a	0.40 a	0.47 a	0.51 a
Analysis of variance		Year (Y)	520.79 **	12.89 *	0.16 ns	0.02 ns	2.22 ns	0.28 ns	0.12 ns	4.67 ns
		Variety (V)	16.13 **	26.57 **	26.57 **	5.54 *	14.15 **	24.20 **	0.02 ns	18.47 **
		Treatment (T)	2.75 ns	0.45 ns	1.97 ns	0.52 ns	7.02 **	2.48 ns	0.97 ns	0.55 ns
		Y × V	9.88 *	12.35 **	0.03 ns	3.90 ns	16.44 **	0.08 ns	0.00 ns	1.61 ns
		Y × T	1.46 ns	8.91 **	2.69 ns	2.02 ns	4.98 *	3.36 *	0.20 ns	1.34 ns
		V × T	1.31 ns	0.38 ns	0.03 ns	2.37 ns	3.38 *	4.01 *	0.13 ns	0.37 ns
		Y × V × T	0.46 ns	1.88 ns	0.17 ns	2.21 ns	0.01 ns	2.24 ns	1.55 ns	1.63 ns