Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Novel Salt-Tolerant Rice Germplasms from the Philippines and Bangladesh

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2018.09.001

Abstract

Abstract:

To screen for new sources of salinity tolerance, 688 traditional rice varieties from the Philippines and Bangladesh were obtained, and their tolerance to hypersaline conditions at the seedling stage was examined. A total of 29 Philippine lines and 15 Bangladeshi lines were scored as salt-tolerant. Morphological assessment (plant height, biomass and Na-K ratio) revealed that among the 44 salt-tolerant accessions, Casibon, Kalagnon and Ikogan had significantly higher relative shoot length difference, relative shoot growth reduction and shoot Na-K ratio than the tolerant check FL478. Additionally, AC and Akundo exhibited significantly higher Na-K ratios than the other genotypes. The genetic diversity of the 44 genotypes was assessed using 34 simple sequence repeat markers. A total of 133 alleles were detected across all loci. Cluster analysis showed that AC, Akundo and Kuplod were clustered along with FL478, indicating a strong genetic relatedness between these genotypes. IR29 (susceptible check) was singly separated. The haplotype analysis revealed that none of the 44 genotypes had a similar allele combination as FL478. These accessions are of interest since each genotype might be different from the classical salinity-tolerant Pokkali.

Key words: rice, simple sequence repeat, Na-K ratio, salinity tolerance, traditional landrace

F. Aala Jr Wilson, B. Gregorio Glenn. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Novel Salt-Tolerant Rice Germplasms from the Philippines and Bangladesh[J]. Rice Science, 2019, 26(3): 178-188.

Figures/Tables 9

References 64

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Score	Description	Remark
1	Normal growth, only the old leaves show white tips	Highly tolerant
3	Near normal growth, only leaf tips burn, few older leaves become whitish partially	Tolerant
5	Growth severely retarded; most old leaves severely injured, few young leaves are elongated	Moderately tolerant
7	Complete cessation of growth; most leaves are dried; only few young leaves still green	Susceptible
9	Almost all plants dead or dying	Highly susceptible

Score	Description	Remark
1	Normal growth, only the old leaves show white tips	Highly tolerant
3	Near normal growth, only leaf tips burn, few older leaves become whitish partially	Tolerant
5	Growth severely retarded; most old leaves severely injured, few young leaves are elongated	Moderately tolerant
7	Complete cessation of growth; most leaves are dried; only few young leaves still green	Susceptible
9	Almost all plants dead or dying	Highly susceptible

CN	ACCNO	Designation	Source	SES	SL (cm)	SFW (g)	SDW (g)	RSLD (%)	RSWC (%)	RSDR (%)	Na-K ratio
6	36968	Akundo	BD	3.00 d	60.67 a	1.708 a	0.413 a	27.200 e-o	75.85 a	41.769 a-d	0.39 no
7	37179	Kuplod	BD	3.00 d	57.17 a-c	1.178 bc	0.286 b-g	28.243 e-n	75.65 a	35.072 a-f	0.76 k-o
24	64772	Chondoni	BD	5.67 a	33.67 o-s	0.213 tu	0.100 s-u	48.205 a-c	50.41 l	61.740 a-b	4.41 bc
52	66765	Asha	BD	3.67 cd	46.67 f-k	0.612 g-s	0.204 e-p	35.180 a-k	66.69 a-i	41.040 a-d	2.42 d-i
85	66798	Jakor	BD	3.00 d	47.50 f-j	0.666 e-r	0.191 h-r	40.625 a-f	71.25 a-f	55.478 a-c	1.93 e-l
102	66816	Moisdol	BD	3.00 d	49.67 d-h	0.703 e-q	0.204 f-p	19.677 i-o	70.58 a-g	28.370 a-f	0.65 l-o
117	77204	Naptasa	BD	3.00 d	45.00 g-l	0.465 n-u	0.127 o-u	37.063 a-j	72.21 a-d	58.874 a-c	1.11 h-o
119	77213	Aguni Kartiksail	BD	3.00 d	52.83 b-f	0.827 c-n	0.230 c-m	31.236 d-m	71.91 a-e	46.429 a-f	0.96 j-o
127	77226	Chakol	BD	3.00 d	51.17 c-g	0.807 d-o	0.235 c-k	28.438 e-n	70.09 a-g	40.756 a-d	1.22 h-o
131	77230	Chorua Kartiksail	BD	3.00 d	49.67 d-h	0.859 c-m	0.242 c-k	38.046 a-i	68.68 a-h	57.210 a-c	0.92 j-o
154	77273	Lal Moni	BD	3.00 d	49.67 d-h	0.912 c-j	0.242 c-k	33.184 c-k	73.71 ab	45.543 a-d	1.29 e-o
155	77276	Modhu Bash	BD	5.00 ab	43.17 h-m	0.914 c-i	0.290 b-e	37.590 a-j	62.75 d-k	18.692 a-g	2.66 de
157	77278	Mridom	BD	4.33 bc	41.17 j-n	0.416 p-u	0.166 j-u	38.710 a-h	57.63 i-l	35.371 a-e	1.86 e-m
174	77297	Roa	BD	3.00 d	40.50 j-o	0.623 f-s	0.206 e-o	27.246 f-o	66.74 a-i	4.341 f-h	1.45 e-o
176	77299	Sada Rupa	BD	3.67 cd	26.67 s-w	0.384 p-u	0.125 p-u	34.959 c-k	67.01 a-i	32.855 a-f	2.10 e-k
190	69809	Pilet Lubang	PH	3.67 cd	26.17 t-x	0.319 r-u	0.116 q-u	34.583 b-k	60.02 h-l	28.454 a-g	1.14 h-o
193	69812	Binutiti	PH	3.67 cd	35.17 n-r	0.296 s-u	0.106 r-u	47.250 a-d	64.48 b-j	56.198 a-c	2.65 d-f
198	69818	Londran	PH	3.00 d	49.33 e-h	0.532 k-u	0.186 h-s	27.451 f-o	61.06 g-k	15.175 b-g	1.60 e-o
199	69819	Macapuno	PH	3.67 cd	38.00 l-q	0.428 p-u	0.158 k-u	43.284 a-e	62.26 e-k	37.101 a-f	1.30 e-o
206	69826	Reppeng	PH	3.67 cd	35.83 n-r	0.529 l-u	0.153 k-u	36.578 a-k	67.13 a-i	37.207 b-g	2.60 d-g
207	69827	Ricorico	PH	3.00 d	37.67 m-q	0.630 e-s	0.194 h-r	52.017 a	69.04 a-h	54.786 a-c	1.81 e-m
272	19502	Ikogan	PH	3.00 d	49.00 f-h	0.866 c-l	0.258 c-i	0.000 p	70.21 a-g	-2.520 e-h	0.91 j-o
317	24230	Betalga	PH	3.00 d	56.33 a-e	1.011 b-f	0.287 b-f	12.208 n-p	71.58 a-f	11.408 c-g	0.43 no
318	24231	Maranao	PH	3.00 d	51.17 c-g	0.824 d-o	0.231 c-l	10.234 op	71.43 a-f	5.075 d-h	0.97 j-o
319	24232	Mori	PH	3.00 d	59.50 ab	0.881 c-k	0.246 c-j	16.589 l-p	71.68 a-f	28.461 a-f	0.65 l-o
327	24484	IR5494	PH	3.67 cd	21.33 wx	0.186 u	0.083 u	36.318 a-k	54.87 j-l	18.627 a-g	3.68 cd
365	40546	IR4493-5-5-3	PH	3.00 d	23.67 v-x	0.308 s-u	0.117 p-u	39.574 a-g	62.05 f-k	33.206 a-f	5.13 ab
366	44265	AC	PH	3.00 d	56.50 a-d	0.981 b-h	0.262 b-i	22.955 g-o	73.31 a-c	29.884 a-f	0.33 o
369	44273	Ampipit	PH	3.00 d	45.33 g-k	0.486 m-u	0.166 j-u	36.300 a-k	64.60 b-j	47.357 a-d	2.48 d-h
370	44274	Anangka	PH	3.00 d	57.33 a-c	0.967 b-h	0.263 b-i	15.892 m-p	72.57 a-d	15.054 b-g	0.50 m-o
391	44323	Binalasang	PH	3.00 d	48.50 f-i	1.024 b-e	0.274 b-h	34.459 c-k	73.26 a-c	32.486 a-f	1.43 e-o
403	44380	Casibon	PH	3.00 d	29.33 r-v	0.403 p-u	0.142 l-u	22.467 h-o	64.49 b-j	-34.700 h	1.28 f-o
413	44409	Dukab	PH	3.00 d	46.50 f-k	0.750 d-p	0.226 c-m	28.46 2e-n	70.07 a-g	33.627 a-f	2.20 e-j
420	44421	Gallano	PH	3.00 d	43.00 h-m	0.377 q-u	0.141 m-u	32.813 c-k	60.10 h-l	59.012 a-c	1.26 g-o
469	44651	Motit Motit (469)	PH	3.00 d	43.17 h-m	0.553 i-u	0.201 g-q	27.042 f-o	63.50 c-k	37.318 a-e	1.77 e-n
470	44652	Motit Motit (470)	PH	3.00 d	46.00 f-k	0.629 f-s	0.189 h-s	37.273 a-k	69.76 a-h	44.585 a-d	1.36 e-o
509	44753	Sarujao	PH	3.00 d	59.50 ab	1.095 b-d	0.299 b-d	25.934 f-o	72.36 a-d	33.383 a-f	1.53 e-o
529	47241	Kalagnon	PH	3.00 d	25.00 u-x	0.505 m-u	0.156 k-u	35.897 a-k	69.00 a-h	-31.921 gh	1.64 e-o
553	52867	Binangahon	PH	3.67 cd	33.17 p-t	0.279 s-u	0.109 q-u	50.620 ab	60.98 g-k	65.687 a	2.22 e-j
554	52869	Binog	PH	3.00 d	40.00 k-p	0.432 p-u	0.135 n-u	36.340 a-k	66.88 a-i	41.954 a-d	1.07 i-o
573	52944	Pilit	PH	3.00 d	41.83 i-n	0.609 i-s	0.175 i-t	40.521 a-f	70.73 a-g	48.678 a-d	1.05 i-o
577	52960	Tjeremas	PH	3.00 d	25.67 u-x	0.585 i-t	0.177 i-t	53.474 a	69.46 a-h	34.724 a-f	1.20 h-o
596	52988	Sinan-Pablo	PH	3.00 d	50.00 d-h	0.997 b-g	0.307 bc	31.663 d-m	69.24 a-h	35.393 a-e	1.41 e-o
597	52989	Veronica	PH	3.00 d	45.50 g-k	0.725 e-q	0.221 d-n	28.534 e-n	69.59 a-h	31.579 a-f	1.82 e-m
		FL478 (Check)	PH	3.00 d	31.00 q-u	1.303 b	0.340 ab	32.364 d-l	73.93 a	44.954 a-d	1.75 e-n
		IR29 (Check)	PH	9.00 e	19.50 x	0.205 tu	0.087 tu	48.684 a-c	54.04 kl	61.218 a-c	6.08 a
		Normal		1.00 a	63.49 a	1.550 a	0.322 a	-	78.09 a	-	0.13 a
		Salinized		3.24 b	42.72 b	0.674 b	0.201 b	-	67.28 b	-	1.73 b

CN	ACCNO	Designation	Source	SES	SL (cm)	SFW (g)	SDW (g)	RSLD (%)	RSWC (%)	RSDR (%)	Na-K ratio
6	36968	Akundo	BD	3.00 d	60.67 a	1.708 a	0.413 a	27.200 e-o	75.85 a	41.769 a-d	0.39 no
7	37179	Kuplod	BD	3.00 d	57.17 a-c	1.178 bc	0.286 b-g	28.243 e-n	75.65 a	35.072 a-f	0.76 k-o
24	64772	Chondoni	BD	5.67 a	33.67 o-s	0.213 tu	0.100 s-u	48.205 a-c	50.41 l	61.740 a-b	4.41 bc
52	66765	Asha	BD	3.67 cd	46.67 f-k	0.612 g-s	0.204 e-p	35.180 a-k	66.69 a-i	41.040 a-d	2.42 d-i
85	66798	Jakor	BD	3.00 d	47.50 f-j	0.666 e-r	0.191 h-r	40.625 a-f	71.25 a-f	55.478 a-c	1.93 e-l
102	66816	Moisdol	BD	3.00 d	49.67 d-h	0.703 e-q	0.204 f-p	19.677 i-o	70.58 a-g	28.370 a-f	0.65 l-o
117	77204	Naptasa	BD	3.00 d	45.00 g-l	0.465 n-u	0.127 o-u	37.063 a-j	72.21 a-d	58.874 a-c	1.11 h-o
119	77213	Aguni Kartiksail	BD	3.00 d	52.83 b-f	0.827 c-n	0.230 c-m	31.236 d-m	71.91 a-e	46.429 a-f	0.96 j-o
127	77226	Chakol	BD	3.00 d	51.17 c-g	0.807 d-o	0.235 c-k	28.438 e-n	70.09 a-g	40.756 a-d	1.22 h-o
131	77230	Chorua Kartiksail	BD	3.00 d	49.67 d-h	0.859 c-m	0.242 c-k	38.046 a-i	68.68 a-h	57.210 a-c	0.92 j-o
154	77273	Lal Moni	BD	3.00 d	49.67 d-h	0.912 c-j	0.242 c-k	33.184 c-k	73.71 ab	45.543 a-d	1.29 e-o
155	77276	Modhu Bash	BD	5.00 ab	43.17 h-m	0.914 c-i	0.290 b-e	37.590 a-j	62.75 d-k	18.692 a-g	2.66 de
157	77278	Mridom	BD	4.33 bc	41.17 j-n	0.416 p-u	0.166 j-u	38.710 a-h	57.63 i-l	35.371 a-e	1.86 e-m
174	77297	Roa	BD	3.00 d	40.50 j-o	0.623 f-s	0.206 e-o	27.246 f-o	66.74 a-i	4.341 f-h	1.45 e-o
176	77299	Sada Rupa	BD	3.67 cd	26.67 s-w	0.384 p-u	0.125 p-u	34.959 c-k	67.01 a-i	32.855 a-f	2.10 e-k
190	69809	Pilet Lubang	PH	3.67 cd	26.17 t-x	0.319 r-u	0.116 q-u	34.583 b-k	60.02 h-l	28.454 a-g	1.14 h-o
193	69812	Binutiti	PH	3.67 cd	35.17 n-r	0.296 s-u	0.106 r-u	47.250 a-d	64.48 b-j	56.198 a-c	2.65 d-f
198	69818	Londran	PH	3.00 d	49.33 e-h	0.532 k-u	0.186 h-s	27.451 f-o	61.06 g-k	15.175 b-g	1.60 e-o
199	69819	Macapuno	PH	3.67 cd	38.00 l-q	0.428 p-u	0.158 k-u	43.284 a-e	62.26 e-k	37.101 a-f	1.30 e-o
206	69826	Reppeng	PH	3.67 cd	35.83 n-r	0.529 l-u	0.153 k-u	36.578 a-k	67.13 a-i	37.207 b-g	2.60 d-g
207	69827	Ricorico	PH	3.00 d	37.67 m-q	0.630 e-s	0.194 h-r	52.017 a	69.04 a-h	54.786 a-c	1.81 e-m
272	19502	Ikogan	PH	3.00 d	49.00 f-h	0.866 c-l	0.258 c-i	0.000 p	70.21 a-g	-2.520 e-h	0.91 j-o
317	24230	Betalga	PH	3.00 d	56.33 a-e	1.011 b-f	0.287 b-f	12.208 n-p	71.58 a-f	11.408 c-g	0.43 no
318	24231	Maranao	PH	3.00 d	51.17 c-g	0.824 d-o	0.231 c-l	10.234 op	71.43 a-f	5.075 d-h	0.97 j-o
319	24232	Mori	PH	3.00 d	59.50 ab	0.881 c-k	0.246 c-j	16.589 l-p	71.68 a-f	28.461 a-f	0.65 l-o
327	24484	IR5494	PH	3.67 cd	21.33 wx	0.186 u	0.083 u	36.318 a-k	54.87 j-l	18.627 a-g	3.68 cd
365	40546	IR4493-5-5-3	PH	3.00 d	23.67 v-x	0.308 s-u	0.117 p-u	39.574 a-g	62.05 f-k	33.206 a-f	5.13 ab
366	44265	AC	PH	3.00 d	56.50 a-d	0.981 b-h	0.262 b-i	22.955 g-o	73.31 a-c	29.884 a-f	0.33 o
369	44273	Ampipit	PH	3.00 d	45.33 g-k	0.486 m-u	0.166 j-u	36.300 a-k	64.60 b-j	47.357 a-d	2.48 d-h
370	44274	Anangka	PH	3.00 d	57.33 a-c	0.967 b-h	0.263 b-i	15.892 m-p	72.57 a-d	15.054 b-g	0.50 m-o
391	44323	Binalasang	PH	3.00 d	48.50 f-i	1.024 b-e	0.274 b-h	34.459 c-k	73.26 a-c	32.486 a-f	1.43 e-o
403	44380	Casibon	PH	3.00 d	29.33 r-v	0.403 p-u	0.142 l-u	22.467 h-o	64.49 b-j	-34.700 h	1.28 f-o
413	44409	Dukab	PH	3.00 d	46.50 f-k	0.750 d-p	0.226 c-m	28.46 2e-n	70.07 a-g	33.627 a-f	2.20 e-j
420	44421	Gallano	PH	3.00 d	43.00 h-m	0.377 q-u	0.141 m-u	32.813 c-k	60.10 h-l	59.012 a-c	1.26 g-o
469	44651	Motit Motit (469)	PH	3.00 d	43.17 h-m	0.553 i-u	0.201 g-q	27.042 f-o	63.50 c-k	37.318 a-e	1.77 e-n
470	44652	Motit Motit (470)	PH	3.00 d	46.00 f-k	0.629 f-s	0.189 h-s	37.273 a-k	69.76 a-h	44.585 a-d	1.36 e-o
509	44753	Sarujao	PH	3.00 d	59.50 ab	1.095 b-d	0.299 b-d	25.934 f-o	72.36 a-d	33.383 a-f	1.53 e-o
529	47241	Kalagnon	PH	3.00 d	25.00 u-x	0.505 m-u	0.156 k-u	35.897 a-k	69.00 a-h	-31.921 gh	1.64 e-o
553	52867	Binangahon	PH	3.67 cd	33.17 p-t	0.279 s-u	0.109 q-u	50.620 ab	60.98 g-k	65.687 a	2.22 e-j
554	52869	Binog	PH	3.00 d	40.00 k-p	0.432 p-u	0.135 n-u	36.340 a-k	66.88 a-i	41.954 a-d	1.07 i-o
573	52944	Pilit	PH	3.00 d	41.83 i-n	0.609 i-s	0.175 i-t	40.521 a-f	70.73 a-g	48.678 a-d	1.05 i-o
577	52960	Tjeremas	PH	3.00 d	25.67 u-x	0.585 i-t	0.177 i-t	53.474 a	69.46 a-h	34.724 a-f	1.20 h-o
596	52988	Sinan-Pablo	PH	3.00 d	50.00 d-h	0.997 b-g	0.307 bc	31.663 d-m	69.24 a-h	35.393 a-e	1.41 e-o
597	52989	Veronica	PH	3.00 d	45.50 g-k	0.725 e-q	0.221 d-n	28.534 e-n	69.59 a-h	31.579 a-f	1.82 e-m
		FL478 (Check)	PH	3.00 d	31.00 q-u	1.303 b	0.340 ab	32.364 d-l	73.93 a	44.954 a-d	1.75 e-n
		IR29 (Check)	PH	9.00 e	19.50 x	0.205 tu	0.087 tu	48.684 a-c	54.04 kl	61.218 a-c	6.08 a
		Normal		1.00 a	63.49 a	1.550 a	0.322 a	-	78.09 a	-	0.13 a
		Salinized		3.24 b	42.72 b	0.674 b	0.201 b	-	67.28 b	-	1.73 b

Source of error	SES	RSWC	RSDR	SDW	SFW	SL	RSLD	Shoot Na-K ratio
Replicate	3.52**	30.6	654.71	0.015	0.225	54.49	189.82	0.28
Genotype	0.91*	103.15**	538.61*	0.016**	0.304**	365.30**	373.38**	4.12**
Total error	0.57	8 012.594	55 547.23	0.903	17.125	18.66	24 089.63	0.72