Effects of Silicon-Based Fertilizer on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Rice in Tropical Zone of Vietnam

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2017.06.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Application of silicon (Si) could greatly boost rice yield and mitigate abiotic stress, especially drought. A field experiment was conducted during 2015 at the research farm of Hong Duc University, Thanh Hoa City, Vietnam, to evaluate the effects of five different combined doses of standard fertilizer practice and Si fertilizer on growth, yield and yield components, as well as nutrient uptake of rice. The treatments consisted of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF, 110 kg/hm² N + 90 kg/hm² P₂O₅ + 80 kg/hm² K₂O) as the control, RDF + 100 kg/hm² SiO₂, RDF + 200 kg/hm² SiO₂, RDF + 300 kg/hm² SiO₂ and RDF + 400 kg/hm² SiO₂. The results showed that the growth, grain and straw yields as well as yield components (number of grains per panicle, seed-setting rate and 1000-grain weight) were significantly affected by Si application. The highest grain yield of 3 705 kg/hm² was obtained with the highest level of Si fertilizer in combination with RDF (RDF + 400 kg/hm² SiO₂), however, it was statistically at par with the yields obtained with RDF + 300 kg/hm² SiO₂ (3 664 kg/hm²) and RDF + 200 kg/hm² SiO₂ (3 621 kg/hm²). The optimum dose of Si fertilizer with maximized grain yield (3 716 kg/hm²) was 329 kg/hm² SiO₂. The nutrient (Si, N, P and K) uptakes of rice were also significantly enhanced by Si application. Si application at the level of 329 kg/hm² along with RDF would help in the sustainable production of rice in the tropical zone of Vietnam.

Key words: silicon, yield, nutrient uptake, standard fertilizer practice, rice, fertilizer

Xuan Cuong Tran, Ullah Hayat, Datta Avishek, Cong Hanh Tran. Effects of Silicon-Based Fertilizer on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Rice in Tropical Zone of Vietnam[J]. Rice Science, 2017, 24(5): 283-290.

Figures/Tables 5

References 45

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Parameter	Value
Soil pH	6.48
Organic carbon (%)	1.04
Total nitrogen (%)	0.10
Available phosphorus (mg/kg)	39.4
Available potassium (mg/kg)	105.7
Available silicon (mg/kg)	52.1
Cation exchangeable capacity (meq/kg)	107.0
Texture	Silty clay loam
Sand (%)	16.70
Silt (%)	51.00
Clay (%)	32.30

Parameter	Value
Soil pH	6.48
Organic carbon (%)	1.04
Total nitrogen (%)	0.10
Available phosphorus (mg/kg)	39.4
Available potassium (mg/kg)	105.7
Available silicon (mg/kg)	52.1
Cation exchangeable capacity (meq/kg)	107.0
Texture	Silty clay loam
Sand (%)	16.70
Silt (%)	51.00
Clay (%)	32.30

Treatment	Plant height (cm)	No. of tillers per hill	Effective tiller (%)	No. of panicles per hill	No. of grains per panicle	Seed-setting rate (%)	1000-grain weight (g)	Grain yield (kg/hm²)	Straw yield (kg/hm²)	Harvest index (%)
RDF (Control)	106.5	6.1	59.2	3.3	141.3	80.2	21.2	3 016	6 188	32.8
RDF + 100 kg/hm² SiO₂	110.0	6.2	62.8	3.5	147.9	85.4	23.2	3 419	6 985	32.9
RDF + 200 kg/hm² SiO₂	110.9	6.8	67.8	3.4	148.1	87.9	25.3	3 621	7 288	33.2
RDF + 300 kg/hm² SiO₂	111.6	7.1	72.8	3.7	148.5	86.5	24.4	3 664	7 413	33.1
RDF + 400 kg/hm² SiO₂	111.8	7.8	77.2	4.0	149.4	89.8	28.3	3 705	7 399	33.4
P value	> 0.05	< 0.01	> 0.05	> 0.05	< 0.05	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.05	> 0.05
SE	1.02	0.17	2.26	0.09	0.93	0.92	0.59	66.53	109.24	0.21
LSD_0.05	-	0.7	-	-	5.1	4.4	2.0	272.5	218	-
RDF, Recommended dose of fertilizer (110 kg/hm² N + 90 kg/hm² P₂O₅ + 80 kg/hm² K₂O); SE, Standard error; LSD_0.05, Least significant difference at P < 0.05.

Treatment	Plant height (cm)	No. of tillers per hill	Effective tiller (%)	No. of panicles per hill	No. of grains per panicle	Seed-setting rate (%)	1000-grain weight (g)	Grain yield (kg/hm²)	Straw yield (kg/hm²)	Harvest index (%)
RDF (Control)	106.5	6.1	59.2	3.3	141.3	80.2	21.2	3 016	6 188	32.8
RDF + 100 kg/hm² SiO₂	110.0	6.2	62.8	3.5	147.9	85.4	23.2	3 419	6 985	32.9
RDF + 200 kg/hm² SiO₂	110.9	6.8	67.8	3.4	148.1	87.9	25.3	3 621	7 288	33.2
RDF + 300 kg/hm² SiO₂	111.6	7.1	72.8	3.7	148.5	86.5	24.4	3 664	7 413	33.1
RDF + 400 kg/hm² SiO₂	111.8	7.8	77.2	4.0	149.4	89.8	28.3	3 705	7 399	33.4
P value	> 0.05	< 0.01	> 0.05	> 0.05	< 0.05	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.05	> 0.05
SE	1.02	0.17	2.26	0.09	0.93	0.92	0.59	66.53	109.24	0.21
LSD_0.05	-	0.7	-	-	5.1	4.4	2.0	272.5	218	-
RDF, Recommended dose of fertilizer (110 kg/hm² N + 90 kg/hm² P₂O₅ + 80 kg/hm² K₂O); SE, Standard error; LSD_0.05, Least significant difference at P < 0.05.

Treatment	Si uptake			N uptake			P uptake			K uptake
Treatment	Grain	Straw	Total	Grain	Straw	Total	Grain	Straw	Total	Grain	Straw	Total
RDF (Control)	12.1	167.1	179.2	30.5	28.0	58.5	6.0	6.3	12.3	9.8	133.9	143.7
RDF + 100 kg/hm² SiO₂	16.5	210.9	227.4	35.8	33.4	68.8	7.1	8.6	15.7	12.2	149.0	161.1
RDF + 200 kg/hm² SiO₂	18.2	242.7	260.9	39.7	35.4	75.1	8.0	9.5	17.5	13.3	163.6	176.9
RDF + 300 kg/hm² SiO₂	19.5	257.1	276.6	41.3	36.5	77.8	8.7	11.3	20.0	13.4	175.4	188.8
RDF + 400 kg/hm² SiO₂	22.0	262.2	284.1	41.7	36.2	77.9	8.9	11.9	20.8	13.7	183.0	196.7
P value	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.05	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	> 0.05	< 0.01	< 0.01
SE	0.85	8.12	8.86	1.11	0.99	1.84	0.28	0.50	0.74	0.46	4.33	4.57
LSD_0.05	2.6	5.7	5.5	4.6	5.5	6.3	1.3	1.8	2.1	-	4.9	10.7
RDF, Recommended dose of fertilizer (110 kg/hm² N + 90 kg/hm² P₂O₅ + 80 kg/hm² K₂O); SE, Standard error; LSD_0.05, Least significant difference at P < 0.05.