Seed Priming Improves Enzymatic and Biochemical Performances of Rice During Seed Germination under Low and High Temperatures

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2023.03.012

Abstract

Abstract:

As an abiotic stress, adverse germination temperatures cause serious disruptions in physiological and biochemical processes involved in seed germination. Using a factorial experiment, we examined the effects of different seed priming treatments on enzymatic and biochemical performances of rice seed germination under different temperatures. Each of the rice genotypes (Hashemi, Sadry-domsefid, IRON-70-7053-7 and NORIN-22) was primed with hydro-hardening, KCl, CaCl₂ and ascorbic acid (AsA) and without a priming agent as a control at low (15 oC), optimum (25 oC) and high (35 oC) germination temperatures. The results showed that the enzymatic and biochemical performances of all the rice genotypes were affected by the seed priming agents, especially under the low germination temperature. At 15 oC, seed priming with AsA was found to be the best agent for the activities of amylase, α-amylase, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as the content of soluble sugars in the NORIN-22 genotype, and for protease activity and soluble protein content in the IRON-70-7053-7 genotype. SOD at the low germination temperature and CAT, POX and protease at the optimum and high germination temperatures were the most important enzymes in occurrence of germination potential in terms of seedling length, vigor index, normal seedling rate and germination rate. Under the priming agents, the highest changes in normal seedling rate were observed at the low and optimum germination temperatures by AsA priming in the Hashemi and NORIN-22 genotypes, and at the high germination temperature under KCl priming in the Hashemi genotype.

Key words: antioxidant activity, biochemical performance, germination temperature, rice, seed priming

Salar Monajjem, Elias Soltani, Ebrahim Zainali, Masoud Esfahani, Farshid Ghaderi-Far, Maryam Hosseini Chaleshtori, Atefeh Rezaei. Seed Priming Improves Enzymatic and Biochemical Performances of Rice During Seed Germination under Low and High Temperatures[J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(4): 335-347.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1. Enzymatic and biochemical performances under seed priming treatments at three germination temperatures.

Table 2. Germination rate, normal seedling rate, seedling length and vigor index under seed priming treatments in four rice genotypes at germination temperatures of 15"C, 25 "C and 35 C.

Fig. 1. Linear relationship between superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity versus normal seedling rate, seedling length, vigor index and germination rate at germination temperature of 15 oC.

Fig. 2. Linear relationship between catalase (CAT) activity versus germination rate, vigor index, normal seedling rate and seedling length at germination temperature of 25 oC.

Fig. 3. Linear relationship between peroxidase (POX) activity versus vigor index and germination rate, between amylase activity versus normal seedling rate and between catalase (CAT) activity versus seedling length at germination temperature of 35 oC.

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