Screening for Osmotic Stress Responses in Rice Varieties under Drought Condition

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2017.04.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Drought is the major abiotic stress factor that limits rice production worldwide. To evaluate the osmotic stress responses in rice varieties under drought condition, a total of 42 high-yielding rice varieties were collected from various research stations of Kerala Agricultural University in India. The experimental setup comprises of initial hydroponic treatments at different osmotic potentials, artificially induced by desired strengths of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000), and followed by the pot planted experiments in the rain-out-zone. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, relative water content, cell membrane stability, photosynthetic pigments, proline content, along with plant growth parameters of the varieties under drought condition were evaluated. Moreover, the standard scores of these rice varieties were assessed under stress and recovery conditions based on the scoring scale of the Standard Evaluation System for rice. Among the 42 rice varieties, we identified 2 rice varieties, Swarnaprabha and Kattamodan, with less leaf rolling, better drought recovery ability as well as relative water content, increased membrane stability index, osmolyte accumulation, and antioxidant enzyme activities pointed towards their degree of tolerance to drought stress. The positive adaptive responses of these rice varieties towards drought stress can be used in the genetic improvement of rice drought resistance breeding program.

Key words: drought resistance, rice, antioxidant enzyme, osmolyte, relative water content

Swapna Simon, Samban Shylaraj Korukkanvilakath. Screening for Osmotic Stress Responses in Rice Varieties under Drought Condition[J]. Rice Science, 2017, 24(5): 253-263.

Figures/Tables 7

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Variety	Origin	Variety	Origin	Variety	Origin
Sahbhagi Dhan (CK)	IRRI, the Philippines	Revathy	RARS, India	Mattathriveni	RARS, India
Jyothi (CK)	RARS, India	Karishma	RARS, India	Samyuktha	RARS, India
Bhadra	RARS, India	Krishnannjana	RARS, India	Bhagya	RARS, India
Asha	RARS, India	Gouri	RARS, India	Onam	RARS, India
Pavizham	RARS, India	Prathyasa	RARS, India	Sagara	RARS, India
Karthika	RARS, India	Parambuvattan	RARS, India	VTL1	RRS, India
Aruna	RARS, India	Kattamodan	RARS, India	VTL2	RRS, India
Makam	RARS, India	Karuthammodan	RARS, India	VTL3	RRS, India
Remya	RARS, India	Chuvannamodan	RARS, India	VTL4	RRS, India
Kanakam	RARS, India	Swarnaprabha	RARS, India	VTL5R	RRS, India
Renjini	RARS, India	Neeraja	RARS, India	VTL5W	RRS, India
Pavithra	RARS, India	Kanchana	RARS, India	VTL6	RRS, India
Panchami	RARS, India	Aiswarya	RARS, India	VTL7	RRS, India
Remanika	RARS, India	Harsha	RARS, India	VTL8	RRS, India
Uma	RARS, India	Vaishakh	RARS, India
IRRI, International Rice Research Institute; RARS, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University; RRS, Rice Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University.

Variety	Origin	Variety	Origin	Variety	Origin
Sahbhagi Dhan (CK)	IRRI, the Philippines	Revathy	RARS, India	Mattathriveni	RARS, India
Jyothi (CK)	RARS, India	Karishma	RARS, India	Samyuktha	RARS, India
Bhadra	RARS, India	Krishnannjana	RARS, India	Bhagya	RARS, India
Asha	RARS, India	Gouri	RARS, India	Onam	RARS, India
Pavizham	RARS, India	Prathyasa	RARS, India	Sagara	RARS, India
Karthika	RARS, India	Parambuvattan	RARS, India	VTL1	RRS, India
Aruna	RARS, India	Kattamodan	RARS, India	VTL2	RRS, India
Makam	RARS, India	Karuthammodan	RARS, India	VTL3	RRS, India
Remya	RARS, India	Chuvannamodan	RARS, India	VTL4	RRS, India
Kanakam	RARS, India	Swarnaprabha	RARS, India	VTL5R	RRS, India
Renjini	RARS, India	Neeraja	RARS, India	VTL5W	RRS, India
Pavithra	RARS, India	Kanchana	RARS, India	VTL6	RRS, India
Panchami	RARS, India	Aiswarya	RARS, India	VTL7	RRS, India
Remanika	RARS, India	Harsha	RARS, India	VTL8	RRS, India
Uma	RARS, India	Vaishakh	RARS, India
IRRI, International Rice Research Institute; RARS, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University; RRS, Rice Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University.

Trait	Score	Description
Drought resistance	0	Highly resistant: No symptoms
	1	Resistant: Light tip drying
	3	Moderately resistant: Tip drying to ¼ length in most leaves
	5	Moderately susceptible: ¼ to ½ of leaves fully dried
	7	Susceptible: More than ²/₃ of all leaves fully dried
	9	Highly susceptible: All plants apparently dead
Drought recovery score	1	90%-100% of plants recovered
	3	70%-89% of plants recovered
	5	40%-69% of plants recovered
	7	20%-39% of plants recovered
	9	0%-19% of plants recovered
Leaf rolling score	0	Leaves are healthy
	1	Leaves start be to folded
	3	Leaves are folded (Deep-V-shaped)
	5	Leaves are fully cupped (U-shaped)
	7	Leaves margins touching (O-shaped)
	9	Leaves are tightly rolled

Trait	Score	Description
Drought resistance	0	Highly resistant: No symptoms
	1	Resistant: Light tip drying
	3	Moderately resistant: Tip drying to ¼ length in most leaves
	5	Moderately susceptible: ¼ to ½ of leaves fully dried
	7	Susceptible: More than ²/₃ of all leaves fully dried
	9	Highly susceptible: All plants apparently dead
Drought recovery score	1	90%-100% of plants recovered
	3	70%-89% of plants recovered
	5	40%-69% of plants recovered
	7	20%-39% of plants recovered
	9	0%-19% of plants recovered
Leaf rolling score	0	Leaves are healthy
	1	Leaves start be to folded
	3	Leaves are folded (Deep-V-shaped)
	5	Leaves are fully cupped (U-shaped)
	7	Leaves margins touching (O-shaped)
	9	Leaves are tightly rolled

Variety	Cell membrane stability index						RWC (%)			Proline content (μmol/mg)
	Root			Shoot			CK	DT		CK	DT	After drought recovery
	CK	DT		CK	DT		CK	DT		CK	DT	After drought recovery
Sahbhagi Dhan	41.86	36.62	17.70		20.19	80.08		77.77 a	0.80		25.45 a	2.16 g
Swarnaprabha	37.04	35.16	17.89		18.40	78.58		70.22 c	0.76		20.62 c	4.38 d
Kattamodan	14.29	29.29	17.21		15.67	80.38		65.45 d	0.67		24.97 b	6.85 c
Neeraja	40.82	36.34	11.38		17.46	81.26		74.37 b	0.86		9.20 d	4.06 d
Vaisakh	30.16	43.70	13.11		18.03	81.87		41.29 h	0.66		5.85 e	19.43 b
Samyuktha	36.21	42.50	12.04		23.53	82.48		36.07 j	1.74		4.82 f	22.20 a
Bhagya	43.33	52.56	13.39		17.16	85.29		57.05 f	0.31		3.46 g	6.30 c
Onam	40.43	37.33	17.69		23.83	73.89		64.26 e	0.24		0.80 k	6.68 c
VTL1	30.77	36.36	11.11		11.11	76.78		32.63 j	0.89		3.11 g	4.00 d
VTL3	31.67	48.78	12.90		20.18	79.21		36.00 i	0.99		0.11 l	3.10 e
VTL4	31.67	35.00	12.50		27.39	79.89		32.69 k	0.99		2.00 h	2.85 f
VTL6	40.00	36.54	12.12		28.57	75.00		42.66 g	0.78		3.09 g	2.90 f
Krishnannjana	35.42	34.78	19.15		8.11	68.46		37.99 l	1.00		3.14 g	3.00 e
Prathyasa	30.19	33.11	22.78		18.57	82.99		38.30 o	1.10		1.01 j	2.00 g
Remanika	34.00	38.33	33.33		13.75	84.26		34.20 m	1.11		2.16 h	2.13 g
Kanakam	37.25	36.59	41.67		15.56	87.55		42.92 h	0.89		2.00 h	2.00 g
Renjini	40.98	48.04	21.77		29.09	87.19		42.90 n	1.00		1.01 j	1.98 g
Karishma	44.64	90.74	23.08		16.52	77.50		33.15 o	1.00		1.99 h	2.01 g
Jyothi	32.11	39.94	26.87		25.69	86.91		38.78 ij	1.00		1.47 i	4.11 d
CD (0.05)	1.569		1.613			1.591			1.789			2.283
CK, Under control condition; DT, Under drought treatment. In each column, values followed by the different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05 by the Duncan’s test.