Accumulation of Polyphenolic Compounds and Osmolytes under Dehydration Stress and Their Implication in Redox Regulation in Four Indigenous Aromatic Rice Cultivars

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2020.05.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Present work was undertaken to screen some drought tolerant indigenous aromatic rice cultivars (IARCs), commonly cultivated in West Bengal, India, based on their capacity to produce osmolytes, redox-sensitive phenolic acids and flavonoids, as contrivances for redox-regulation under drought stress. Polyethylene glycol induced post imbibitional dehydration stress mediated changes in redox regulatory properties of the germinating seeds of the four IARCs (Jamainadu, Tulaipanji, Sitabhog, Badshabhog), which were assessed in terms of changes in prooxidant accumulation (in-situ localization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by confocal microscopy, DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate) oxidation, O₂^- and H₂O₂ accumulation), cumulative antioxidative defense (radical scavenging property and total thiol content), ROS scavenging phenolic acids (gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, para-hydroxy benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, salicylic acid, sinapic acid and p-coumaric acid) and flavonoids (catechin, naringin, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin and apigenin). The capability of germinating seeds to accumulate osmolytes (like glycinebetaine, proline, soluble carbohydrates and K⁺ ion) and polyphenolic compounds was also correlated with their corresponding redox status and redox biomarkers (conjugated diene, hydroperoxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and free carbonyl content) produced under the same conditions. The results in general showed that accumulation of osmolytes along with the redox-sensitive phenolics and flavonoids conferred the ability to maintain the redox homeostasis under drought stress for the tolerant IARCs (Badshabhog and Tulaipanji).

Key words: aromatic rice, drought, polyphenolic compounds, osmolytes, redox regulation

Dey Nivedita, Bhattacharjee Soumen. Accumulation of Polyphenolic Compounds and Osmolytes under Dehydration Stress and Their Implication in Redox Regulation in Four Indigenous Aromatic Rice Cultivars[J]. Rice Science, 2020, 27(4): 329-344.

Figures/Tables 7

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Cultivar	Treatment		Flavonoid
Cultivar	Treatment		Catechin		Naringin		Rutin		Quercetin			Kaempferol		Myricetin			Apigenin
Jamainadu	Untreated control		99.3		7 963.7		4 773.0		3 448.0			79.3		-			-
Jamainadu	-1.619 MPa		163.0		4 732.3 ^a		265.3^a		3 026.0^a			-		-			-
Tulaipanji	Untreated control		116.0		12 533.3		8.3		4 648.3			133.0		356.7			26.3
Tulaipanji	-1.619 MPa		108.0		5 106.3		401.7^b		3 287.0			33.3^b		12.7			-
Sitabhog	Untreated control		7 042.3		2 315.4.		5 064.0		11 009.3			-		90.3			-
Sitabhog	-1.619 MPa		148.7^a		5 920.0^a		413.3^a		4 105.7^a			-		44.3			-
Badshabhog	Untreated control		5.0		8 718.3		48.0		4 929.7			16.0		-			-
Badshabhog	-1.619 MPa		-		6 957.0^b		167.7^b		4 369.3			27.0^b		216.7^b			77.3^b
Cultivar	Treatment	Phenolic acid
Cultivar	Treatment	Gallic acid		Protocatechuic acid		Gentistic acid		P-ohbenzoic acid		Chlorogenic acid	Caffeic acid		Syringic acid		Salicylic acid	Sinapic acid		P-coumaric acid
Jamainadu	Untreated control	1 519.7		647.7		4 042.0		45.0		25.0	38.7		62.3		20.0	-		-
Jamainadu	-1.619 MPa	700.0^a		41.7^a		1 862.0^a		8.7^a		-	-		25.7		-	-		-
Tulaipanji	Untreated control	3 027.3		687.7		3 107.3		76.0		8.7	23.0		35.3		-	-		-
Tulaipanji	-1.619 MPa	866.7		26.7		4 314.0^b		14.0		104.7^b	-		24.3		-	-		-
Sitabhog	Untreated control	6 735.0		141.7		88 305.0		1 938.3		6 821.3	39.7		1 513.7		-	-		-
Sitabhog	-1.619 MPa	2 345.7^a		40.3^a		-		94.7^a		518.7^a	12.3^a		55.0^a		-	20.3		-
Badshabhog	Untreated control	732.0		1841.3		19 256.3		365.7		570.0	17.7		112.7		68.7	-		0.3
Badshabhog	-1.619 MPa	863.3^b		5.0		-		300.0		652.7^b	18.7^b		62.3		-	38.3^b		95.7^b

Cultivar	Treatment		Flavonoid
Cultivar	Treatment		Catechin		Naringin		Rutin		Quercetin			Kaempferol		Myricetin			Apigenin
Jamainadu	Untreated control		99.3		7 963.7		4 773.0		3 448.0			79.3		-			-
Jamainadu	-1.619 MPa		163.0		4 732.3 ^a		265.3^a		3 026.0^a			-		-			-
Tulaipanji	Untreated control		116.0		12 533.3		8.3		4 648.3			133.0		356.7			26.3
Tulaipanji	-1.619 MPa		108.0		5 106.3		401.7^b		3 287.0			33.3^b		12.7			-
Sitabhog	Untreated control		7 042.3		2 315.4.		5 064.0		11 009.3			-		90.3			-
Sitabhog	-1.619 MPa		148.7^a		5 920.0^a		413.3^a		4 105.7^a			-		44.3			-
Badshabhog	Untreated control		5.0		8 718.3		48.0		4 929.7			16.0		-			-
Badshabhog	-1.619 MPa		-		6 957.0^b		167.7^b		4 369.3			27.0^b		216.7^b			77.3^b
Cultivar	Treatment	Phenolic acid
Cultivar	Treatment	Gallic acid		Protocatechuic acid		Gentistic acid		P-ohbenzoic acid		Chlorogenic acid	Caffeic acid		Syringic acid		Salicylic acid	Sinapic acid		P-coumaric acid
Jamainadu	Untreated control	1 519.7		647.7		4 042.0		45.0		25.0	38.7		62.3		20.0	-		-
Jamainadu	-1.619 MPa	700.0^a		41.7^a		1 862.0^a		8.7^a		-	-		25.7		-	-		-
Tulaipanji	Untreated control	3 027.3		687.7		3 107.3		76.0		8.7	23.0		35.3		-	-		-
Tulaipanji	-1.619 MPa	866.7		26.7		4 314.0^b		14.0		104.7^b	-		24.3		-	-		-
Sitabhog	Untreated control	6 735.0		141.7		88 305.0		1 938.3		6 821.3	39.7		1 513.7		-	-		-
Sitabhog	-1.619 MPa	2 345.7^a		40.3^a		-		94.7^a		518.7^a	12.3^a		55.0^a		-	20.3		-
Badshabhog	Untreated control	732.0		1841.3		19 256.3		365.7		570.0	17.7		112.7		68.7	-		0.3
Badshabhog	-1.619 MPa	863.3^b		5.0		-		300.0		652.7^b	18.7^b		62.3		-	38.3^b		95.7^b

Cultivar	Treatment	Biomarker of oxidative stress								Germination performance
Cultivar	Treatment	MLPO (mmol/g)	Lipoxygenase (U/g)			Hydroperoxide (A₅₆₀/g)	Conjugated diene (nmol/g)			CVG (%)		GRI		MGT		MDG
Jamainadu	Control	22.48 ± 0.22		94.39 ± 0.27	2.07 ± 0.01			73.13 ± 0.27	23.35 ± 0.06		90.76 ± 0.08		4.28 ± 0.06		7.50 ± 0.05
	-0.344 MPa	49.87 ± 0.14**		99.75 ± 0.41**	4.38 ± 0.02**			186.38 ± 0.38**	23.63 ± 0.07*		99.20 ± 0.09**		4.23 ± 0.05		11.75 ± 0.06**
	-0.851 MPa	44.28 ± 0.17**		148.61 ± 0.52**	7.62 ± 0.03**			383.25 ± 0.53**	23.36 ± 0.07*		78.54 ± 0.10**		4.28 ± 0.06		6.50 ± 0.07**
	-1.619 MPa	48.61 ± 0.19**		224.55 ± 0.57**	11.69 ± 0.04**			472.50 ± 0.57**	21.96 ± 0.08**		36.22 ± 0.10**		4.55 ± 0.06**		3.83 ± 0.06**
Tulaipanji	Control	24.33 ± 0.11		185.88 ± 0.25	13.94 ± 0.01			255.00 ± 0.30	59.35 ± 0.03		48.00 ± 0.05		1.68 ± 0.03		25.00 ± 0.03
	-0.344 MPa	18.93 ± 0.14**		203.97 ± 0.27**	14.33 ± 0.02**			342.75 ± 0.41**	61.83 ± 0.04**		56.00 ± 0.04**		1.62 ± 0.04		25.00 ± 0.04
	-0.851 MPa	26.18 ± 0.05**		221.97 ± 0.3**	14.71 ± 0.02**			421.13 ± 0.40**	60.00 ± 0.04**		50.00 ± 0.05**		1.67 ± 0.04		25.00 ± 0.05
	-1.619 MPa	28.00 ± 0.08**		245.00 ± 0.35**	15.67 ± 0.03**			442.88 ± 0.51**	45.08 ± 0.04**		63.17 ± 0.03**		2.22 ± 0.03**		16.67 ± 0.03**
Sitabhog	Control	19.45 ± 0.16		387.89 ± 0.33	10.06 ± 0.04			198.75 ± 0.36	23.23 ± 0.07		71.01 ± 0.09		4.30 ± 0.07		9.00 ± 0.06
	-0.344 MPa	18.23 ± 0.20**		565.58 ± 0.49**	11.95 ± 0.05**			199.88 ± 0.43*	23.43 ± 0.06**		64.97 ± 0.09**		4.27 ± 0.08		8.00 ± 0.05**
	-0.851 MPa	22.64 ± 0.15**		565.66 ± 0.63**	13.93 ± 0.06**			229.13 ± 0.54**	22.72 ± 0.06**		50.68 ± 0.09**		4.40 ± 0.06*		5.60 ± 0.04**
	-1.619 MPa	26.31 ± 0.22**		423.47 ± 0.76**	23.69 ± 0.08**			303.75 ± 0.61**	21.50 ± 0.07**		41.19 ± 0.10**		4.65 ± 0.08**		4.83 ± 0.04**
Badshabhog	Control	23.33 ± 0.12		477.86 ± 0.15	9.47 ± 0.02			227.63 ± 0.54	22.39 ± 0.05		43.15 ± 0.07		4.47 ± 0.06		6.25 ± 0.05
	-0.344 MPa	27.15 ± 0.15**		497.44 ± 0.33**	9.95 ± 0.04**			239.25 ± 0.51**	24.45 ± 0.04**		44.14 ± 0.07**		4.09 ± 0.05**		5.00 ± 0.03**
	-0.851 MPa	26.04 ± 0.18**		552.92 ± 0.38**	10.91 ± 0.05**			311.63 ± 0.49**	22.26 ± 0.04		41.82 ± 0.03**		4.49 ± 0.05		6.25 ± 0.04
	-1.619 MPa	24.62 ± 0.19*		823.94 ± 0.46**	14.18 ± 0.06**			312.75 ± 0.30**	22.10 ± 0.04*		36.74 ± 0.05**		4.53 ± 0.05		3.83 ± 0.04**

Cultivar	Treatment	Biomarker of oxidative stress								Germination performance
Cultivar	Treatment	MLPO (mmol/g)	Lipoxygenase (U/g)			Hydroperoxide (A₅₆₀/g)	Conjugated diene (nmol/g)			CVG (%)		GRI		MGT		MDG
Jamainadu	Control	22.48 ± 0.22		94.39 ± 0.27	2.07 ± 0.01			73.13 ± 0.27	23.35 ± 0.06		90.76 ± 0.08		4.28 ± 0.06		7.50 ± 0.05
	-0.344 MPa	49.87 ± 0.14**		99.75 ± 0.41**	4.38 ± 0.02**			186.38 ± 0.38**	23.63 ± 0.07*		99.20 ± 0.09**		4.23 ± 0.05		11.75 ± 0.06**
	-0.851 MPa	44.28 ± 0.17**		148.61 ± 0.52**	7.62 ± 0.03**			383.25 ± 0.53**	23.36 ± 0.07*		78.54 ± 0.10**		4.28 ± 0.06		6.50 ± 0.07**
	-1.619 MPa	48.61 ± 0.19**		224.55 ± 0.57**	11.69 ± 0.04**			472.50 ± 0.57**	21.96 ± 0.08**		36.22 ± 0.10**		4.55 ± 0.06**		3.83 ± 0.06**
Tulaipanji	Control	24.33 ± 0.11		185.88 ± 0.25	13.94 ± 0.01			255.00 ± 0.30	59.35 ± 0.03		48.00 ± 0.05		1.68 ± 0.03		25.00 ± 0.03
	-0.344 MPa	18.93 ± 0.14**		203.97 ± 0.27**	14.33 ± 0.02**			342.75 ± 0.41**	61.83 ± 0.04**		56.00 ± 0.04**		1.62 ± 0.04		25.00 ± 0.04
	-0.851 MPa	26.18 ± 0.05**		221.97 ± 0.3**	14.71 ± 0.02**			421.13 ± 0.40**	60.00 ± 0.04**		50.00 ± 0.05**		1.67 ± 0.04		25.00 ± 0.05
	-1.619 MPa	28.00 ± 0.08**		245.00 ± 0.35**	15.67 ± 0.03**			442.88 ± 0.51**	45.08 ± 0.04**		63.17 ± 0.03**		2.22 ± 0.03**		16.67 ± 0.03**
Sitabhog	Control	19.45 ± 0.16		387.89 ± 0.33	10.06 ± 0.04			198.75 ± 0.36	23.23 ± 0.07		71.01 ± 0.09		4.30 ± 0.07		9.00 ± 0.06
	-0.344 MPa	18.23 ± 0.20**		565.58 ± 0.49**	11.95 ± 0.05**			199.88 ± 0.43*	23.43 ± 0.06**		64.97 ± 0.09**		4.27 ± 0.08		8.00 ± 0.05**
	-0.851 MPa	22.64 ± 0.15**		565.66 ± 0.63**	13.93 ± 0.06**			229.13 ± 0.54**	22.72 ± 0.06**		50.68 ± 0.09**		4.40 ± 0.06*		5.60 ± 0.04**
	-1.619 MPa	26.31 ± 0.22**		423.47 ± 0.76**	23.69 ± 0.08**			303.75 ± 0.61**	21.50 ± 0.07**		41.19 ± 0.10**		4.65 ± 0.08**		4.83 ± 0.04**
Badshabhog	Control	23.33 ± 0.12		477.86 ± 0.15	9.47 ± 0.02			227.63 ± 0.54	22.39 ± 0.05		43.15 ± 0.07		4.47 ± 0.06		6.25 ± 0.05
	-0.344 MPa	27.15 ± 0.15**		497.44 ± 0.33**	9.95 ± 0.04**			239.25 ± 0.51**	24.45 ± 0.04**		44.14 ± 0.07**		4.09 ± 0.05**		5.00 ± 0.03**
	-0.851 MPa	26.04 ± 0.18**		552.92 ± 0.38**	10.91 ± 0.05**			311.63 ± 0.49**	22.26 ± 0.04		41.82 ± 0.03**		4.49 ± 0.05		6.25 ± 0.04
	-1.619 MPa	24.62 ± 0.19*		823.94 ± 0.46**	14.18 ± 0.06**			312.75 ± 0.30**	22.10 ± 0.04*		36.74 ± 0.05**		4.53 ± 0.05		3.83 ± 0.04**