Starch Digestibility and Functional Properties of Rice Starch Subjected to Gamma Radiation

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2017.08.003

Abstract

Abstract:

This study investigated the effect of gamma radiation on the digestibility and functional properties of rice starch. Rice cultivars IRGA417 and IAC202 were used for isolation of starch by the alkaline method. Starch samples were irradiated with 1, 2 and 5 kGy doses of ⁶⁰Co at a rate of 0.4 kGy/h. A control sample, which was not irradiated, was used for comparison. Irradiated and control starches were characterized by in vitro starch digestibility, total dietary fiber, color, water absorption index, water solubility index, syneresis, swelling factor, amylose leaching, pasting properties and gel firmness. Irradiations changed starch digestibility differently in either cultivar. Increasing radiation doses promoted increase in the color parameter b* (yellow), elevation in the capacity to absorb water, and solubility in water as well as the amylose leached from granules for both cultivars. Pasting properties showed a decrease that was proportional to the dose applied, caused by the depolymerization of starch molecules. Gel firmness of the starch from IAC202 was inversely proportional to the radiation dose applied, whereas for IRGA417, there was a reduction at 5 kGy dose. Rice starches can be modified by irradiation to exhibit different functional characteristics and they can be used by the food industries in products such as soups, desserts, flans, puddings and others.

Key words: Oryza sativa, irradiation, viscosity, swelling, amylose, starch, digestibility

Fernando Polesi Luís, Bruder Silveira Sarmento Silene, Guidolin Canniatti-Brazaca Solange. Starch Digestibility and Functional Properties of Rice Starch Subjected to Gamma Radiation[J]. Rice Science, 2018, 25(1): 42-51.

Figures/Tables 8

References 36

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Type	Dose	RDS		SDS		RS
Type	Dose	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417
Raw starch	0 kGy	31.3 ± 0.4 bA	40.5 ± 0.4 aA	51.4 ± 1.0 aC	52.1 ± 0.8 aB	16.5 ± 1.0 aA	6.1 ± 0.3 bB
	1 kGy	31.8 ± 0.6 bA	40.4 ± 0.8 aA	62.6 ± 0.8 aA	47.4 ± 1.0 bC	4.7 ± 0.8 bD	10.8 ± 0.6 aA
	2 kGy	29.2 ± 1.0 bB	40.1 ± 0.5 aA	59.4 ± 0.9 aB	51.6 ± 0.9 bB	10.5 ± 0.4 aB	7.0 ± 0.6 bB
	5 kGy	31.3 ± 0.2 bA	40.7 ± 0.4 aA	60.6 ± 0.9 aB	55.0 ± 0.8 bA	7.2 ± 1.0 aC	3.0 ± 0.4 bC
Cooked starch	0 kGy	87.6 ± 1.2 aB	88.7 ± 1.1 aB	7.8 ± 0.7 aB	6.5 ± 1.0 aA	3.8 ± 0.7 aB	3.4 ± 0.7 aB
	1 kGy	83.0 ± 0.6 bC	92.6 ± 1.1 aA	15.1 ± 1.4 aA	5.1 ± 0.7 bAB	1.1 ± 0.4 aC	1.0 ± 0.7 aC
	2 kGy	76.6 ± 0.8 bD	88.6 ± 1.6 aB	15.5 ± 0.5 aA	4.5 ± 0.5 bB	7.0 ± 0.8 aA	5.7 ± 0.5 bA
	5 kGy	95.2 ± 0.8 aA	92.6 ± 0.4 bA	2.6 ± 0.6 aC	2.2 ± 0.3 aC	1.4 ± 0.4 bC	3.9 ± 0.4 aB

Type	Dose	RDS		SDS		RS
Type	Dose	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417
Raw starch	0 kGy	31.3 ± 0.4 bA	40.5 ± 0.4 aA	51.4 ± 1.0 aC	52.1 ± 0.8 aB	16.5 ± 1.0 aA	6.1 ± 0.3 bB
	1 kGy	31.8 ± 0.6 bA	40.4 ± 0.8 aA	62.6 ± 0.8 aA	47.4 ± 1.0 bC	4.7 ± 0.8 bD	10.8 ± 0.6 aA
	2 kGy	29.2 ± 1.0 bB	40.1 ± 0.5 aA	59.4 ± 0.9 aB	51.6 ± 0.9 bB	10.5 ± 0.4 aB	7.0 ± 0.6 bB
	5 kGy	31.3 ± 0.2 bA	40.7 ± 0.4 aA	60.6 ± 0.9 aB	55.0 ± 0.8 bA	7.2 ± 1.0 aC	3.0 ± 0.4 bC
Cooked starch	0 kGy	87.6 ± 1.2 aB	88.7 ± 1.1 aB	7.8 ± 0.7 aB	6.5 ± 1.0 aA	3.8 ± 0.7 aB	3.4 ± 0.7 aB
	1 kGy	83.0 ± 0.6 bC	92.6 ± 1.1 aA	15.1 ± 1.4 aA	5.1 ± 0.7 bAB	1.1 ± 0.4 aC	1.0 ± 0.7 aC
	2 kGy	76.6 ± 0.8 bD	88.6 ± 1.6 aB	15.5 ± 0.5 aA	4.5 ± 0.5 bB	7.0 ± 0.8 aA	5.7 ± 0.5 bA
	5 kGy	95.2 ± 0.8 aA	92.6 ± 0.4 bA	2.6 ± 0.6 aC	2.2 ± 0.3 aC	1.4 ± 0.4 bC	3.9 ± 0.4 aB

Dose	TDF		L		b*
Dose	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417
0 kGy	0.6 ± 0.2 aAB	0.7 ± 0.2 aA	99.4 ± 0.3 aA	98.7 ± 0.3 bB	6.0 ± 0.1 aD	5.9 ± 0.0 bD
1 kGy	0.3 ± 0.1 bB	0.7 ± 0.2 aA	99.6 ± 0.2 aA	99.5 ± 0.5 aA	6.2 ± 0.0 aC	6.2 ± 0.0 aC
2 kGy	0.4 ± 0.3 aB	0.5 ± 0.1 aA	99.2 ± 0.2 aA	99.6 ± 0.2 aA	6.4 ± 0.1 aB	6.4 ± 0.1 aB
5 kGy	1.0 ± 0.2 aA	0.6 ± 0.2 bA	99.6 ± 0.3 aA	99.4 ± 0.2 aA	6.8 ± 0.1 aA	6.9 ± 0.1 aA

Dose	TDF		L		b*
Dose	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417
0 kGy	0.6 ± 0.2 aAB	0.7 ± 0.2 aA	99.4 ± 0.3 aA	98.7 ± 0.3 bB	6.0 ± 0.1 aD	5.9 ± 0.0 bD
1 kGy	0.3 ± 0.1 bB	0.7 ± 0.2 aA	99.6 ± 0.2 aA	99.5 ± 0.5 aA	6.2 ± 0.0 aC	6.2 ± 0.0 aC
2 kGy	0.4 ± 0.3 aB	0.5 ± 0.1 aA	99.2 ± 0.2 aA	99.6 ± 0.2 aA	6.4 ± 0.1 aB	6.4 ± 0.1 aB
5 kGy	1.0 ± 0.2 aA	0.6 ± 0.2 bA	99.6 ± 0.3 aA	99.4 ± 0.2 aA	6.8 ± 0.1 aA	6.9 ± 0.1 aA

Dose	WAI (g/g)		WSI (%)		Syneresis (%)
Dose	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417	IAC202	IRGA417
0 kGy	2.08 ± 0.01 bB	2.11 ± 0.02 aB	0.05 ± 0.01 aD	0.06 ± 0.04 aD	0.28 ± 0.01 bA	2.38 ± 0.09 aC
1 kGy	2.10 ± 0.02 aB	2.12 ± 0.01 aAB	0.11 ± 0.01 aC	0.12 ± 0.01 aC	0.33 ± 0.01 bA	2.77 ± 0.21 aB
2 kGy	2.10 ± 0.02 bB	2.15 ± 0.01 aA	0.15 ± 0.01 aB	0.16 ± 0.01 aB	0.38 ± 0.02 bA	3.93 ± 0.12 aA
5 kGy	2.17 ± 0.01 aA	2.15 ± 0.01 aA	0.27 ± 0.01 aA	0.24 ± 0.02 bA	0.42 ± 0.02 bA	2.44 ± 0.06 aC