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Towards Climate-Smart Rice Cultivation: Addressing Methane Emission Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies for a Sustainable Future Saleem Asif, Sajjad Asaf, Rahmat Ullah Jan, Du Xiaoxuan, Jae-Ryoung Park, Kyung-Min Kim Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 203-220.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.11.002 Abstract （403）   HTML （3777）    PDF（pc） （2229KB）（549）       Knowledge map    Save Rice fields are one of the largest sources of methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas contributing significantly to global warming. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms and mitigating CH4 emissions from paddy fields is crucial for combating climate change while ensuring sustainable food production. This review investigates the biological processes governing CH4 generation in rice fields, focusing on how soil microorganisms generate CH4 under waterlogged, anaerobic conditions. It also explores the mechanisms by which CH4 escapes into the atmosphere through plant-mediated transport, diffusion, and ebullition. Several factors influencing CH4 emissions are discussed, including soil composition, water management, exogenous organic matter application, rice variety selection, and local climate conditions. Strategies that can be implemented to reduce CH4 emissions are assessed, such as alternate wetting and drying, urea deep placement, biochar application, optimized fertilizer application, and breeding of rice varieties with low CH4 emissions. Novel solutions, such as the enhancement of methane-consuming bacteria in soils using microbial-based approaches, are also explored. The importance of integrating innovative technologies, improved farming practices, and interdisciplinary research is emphasized to develop practical and scalable strategies for reducing CH4 emissions. By addressing these challenges, we can advance towards the attainment of sustainable agriculture and global climate goals. This review aims to serve as a comprehensive resource for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to understand and mitigate CH4 emissions from rice cultivation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Amino Acid Transporter OsAAP18 Modulates Nitrogen Allocation to Boost Yield and Grain Quality in Rice He Chongchong, Yang Xiaochuan, Zhang Jie, Wu Wenhao, Wang Chuanbo, Chen Wenbo, Wu Bowen, Huang Weiting, Fang Zhongming Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 151-154.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2026.01.005 Abstract （384）   HTML （4039）    PDF（pc） （11241KB）（491）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Identification and Functional Characterization of TPL/TPR Genes in Rice Disease Resistance Zhan Chengfang, Lu Xueli, Chen Yingtong, Li Shunyuan, Zhang Xiaoyan, Chen Siqi, Xie Huan, Jin Lei, Ding Lin, Ge Yi, Yang Ting, Dai Liping, Cao Junfeng, Wang Mengcen, Tang Zhengbin, Zeng Dali Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 232-244.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.12.002 Abstract （371）   HTML （4591）    PDF（pc） （2406KB）（446）       Knowledge map    Save TOPLESS/TOPLESS-RELATED (TPL/TPR) proteins are transcriptional corepressors that play pivotal roles in plant development, hormone signaling, and stress responses. Although TPL/TPR proteins have been identified in various organisms, their functions in rice disease resistance remain largely unexplored. Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the three rice TPL/TPR proteins, designated OsTPR1, OsTPR2, and OsTPR3, examining their evolutionary relationships, expression patterns, and subcellular localization, and assessing their roles in disease resistance. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three OsTPRs belonged to distinct evolutionary clades. Expression analysis demonstrated tissue-specific patterns and responsiveness to jasmonate (JA), with all three genes being induced upon infection with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Consistent with their roles as transcriptional corepressors, all three OsTPRs localized to the nucleus. Disease resistance assays showed that, after inoculation with Xoo, lesion lengths on ostpr2 and ostpr3 mutants were significantly shorter than those on wild-type plants. Protein interaction assays demonstrated that OsTPR2 interacted with JA ZIM-domain protein (OsJAZ12), whose expression is also induced by Xoo. Furthermore, haplotype analysis of OsTPRs revealed natural variation, leading to the identification of superior allelic variants that confer improved resistance to bacterial blight without a yield penalty. Collectively, our findings provide a systematic characterization of TPL/TPR proteins in rice, highlight their potential roles in resistance to bacterial leaf blight, and identify valuable allelic resources for molecular breeding aimed at improving both disease resistance and yield. Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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NRAMPs: Versatile Transporters Involved in Metal Ion Homeostasis and Their Applications in Rice Breeding Huang Qina, Wu Lijuan, Jiang Hongrui, He Yan, Liu Song, Yang Changdeng, Liang Yan Rice Science    2026, 33 (1): 39-58.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.10.010 Abstract （371）   HTML （3411）    PDF（pc） （2972KB）（304）       Knowledge map    Save The NRAMP (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein) family plays a pivotal role in metal ion transport, regulating both essential micronutrient uptake and toxic heavy metal accumulation in plants. In rice (Oryza sativa), OsNRAMP transporters critically influence metal homeostasis, stress adaptation, and grain safety. Among them, OsNRAMP5 serves as a major entry point for cadmium (Cd) and manganese (Mn) uptake, making it a prime target for low-Cd rice breeding. However, knockout of OsNRAMP5 leads to severe Mn deficiency, highlighting the need for precise genetic modifications (e.g., OsNRAMP5-Q337K), which reduce Cd accumulation while maintaining Mn nutrition. Additionally, OsNRAMP1 and OsNRAMP2 contribute to Cd translocation and plant immunity, whereas OsNRAMP3/4/6/7 participate in Mn, iron, and zinc distribution and stress responses. This review systematically summarizes the structural, functional, and regulatory mechanisms of OsNRAMPs, emphasizing their roles in metal transport, pathogen resistance, and abiotic stress adaptation. Furthermore, we discuss strategies for developing low-Cd rice varieties, including QTL-based breeding, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, and multi-gene stacking approaches. Finally, we outline future research directions, such as structural engineering of metal-binding sites and field validation of engineered rice lines, to ensure sustainable rice production in heavy metal-contaminated soils. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Three-Line Hybrid Rice in China: Fifty Years of Sustained Improvement in Yield, Quality, and Stress Resistance Gong Junyi, Zhang Xiaobo, Zhang Jianfu, Zeng Bo, Zhang Xiaoqing, Xu Xia, Cheng Benyi, Hou Yuxuan, Xia Junhui, Wu Jianli, Yang Shihua, Cheng Shihua, Han Bin, Xie Huaan Rice Science    2026, 33 (4): 499-513.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2026.04.004 Abstract （367）   HTML （129）    PDF（pc） （1060KB）（1173）       Knowledge map    Save China pioneered the global commercial application of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.). Chinese scientists not only proved that heterosis can be realized in self-pollinating crops, a groundbreaking theoretical advance, but also developed commercial hybrid rice breeding into one of China’s most sophisticated agricultural technology models, making outstanding contributions to national food security. This study systematically reviews the 50-year developmental trajectory of officially approved three-line hybrid rice varieties at national and provincial levels in China, through analyzing the approval statistics of individual restorer lines and male sterile lines, the dynamic changes in the popularized planting area of major varieties, and the phenotypic variation in core agronomic traits including grain yield, grain quality, and disease/pest resistance. The paper comprehensively summarizes the remarkable progress, major achievements and practical experience accumulated over half a century of three-line hybrid rice breeding in China, and prospects future research directions for this system. Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Optimized Leaf Morphology and Delayed Senescence Boost Rice Yield via Enhanced Leaf and Canopy Photosynthesis Ye Miao, Mao Yuxin, Yuan Rong, Zhang Dehai, Zhang Zujian Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 245-259.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.12.005 Abstract （348）   HTML （3175）    PDF（pc） （2040KB）（498）       Knowledge map    Save Four modern hybrid and four japonica rice varieties differing in biomass, yield, and daily biomass production rate during the grain-filling period (DBPGF), were used to reveal the eco-physiological photosynthetic characteristics of high-yield and high-efficiency rice. Varietal differences were analyzed in leaf and canopy photosynthetic parameters, associated leaf morphological and anatomical traits (e.g., stomatal density, vein density, mesophyll cell arrangement), as well as differences in canopy light interception and leaf area index, and their effects on yield and biomass accumulation. Hybrid rice with yield higher than 11.0 t/hm2 and DBPGF higher than 200 kg/(hm2·d), and japonica rice with yield higher than 9.0 t/hm2 and DBPGF higher than 200 kg/(hm2·d), were classified as high-yield and high-efficiency varieties; other varieties were considered general types. Based on this criterion, two hybrid (Yongyou 2640 and Shanyou 63) and two japonica varieties (Huaidao 5 and Nangeng 5718) were categorized as high-yield and high-efficiency types, while the remaining two hybrid (Liangyoupeijiu and C Liangyou 513) and two japonica varieties (Suxiu 867 and Yangnongdao 1) were classified as general types. Results indicated that high-yield and high-efficiency varieties generally have higher leaf and canopy photosynthesis, superior leaf stomatal, vascular, and mesophyll structures that facilitate CO2 diffusion and hydraulic transport, higher canopy light transmittance, and slower leaf area attenuation. Rice yield and biomass were positively correlated with photosynthetic parameters and closely linked to associated photosynthetic traits. Efficient rice production was attributed to coordinated improvements in leaf structure, canopy architecture, and delayed leaf area attenuation. This study provides important theoretical guidance for breeding high-efficiency rice varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Regulatory Strategies for Alleviating Anaerobic and Submergence Stress in Rice Zhang Xiaoli, Tao Wei, Tang Maoyan, Gao Guoqing, Chen Lei, Zhong Xiaoyuan, Lü Ronghua, Qin Dongming, Liang Tianfeng, Guo Hui Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 186-202.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2026.01.001 Abstract （346）   HTML （3431）    PDF（pc） （1451KB）（645）       Knowledge map    Save Rice production is increasingly challenged by flooding stress because of global warming and rising sea levels. As the world’s most important staple crop, rice is highly vulnerable to anaerobic and submergence conditions that occur during flooding, particularly at the germination and vegetative stages. Anaerobic environments hinder seedling establishment during germination, while prolonged submergence during the vegetative stage impairs growth, ultimately reducing yield and grain quality. These stresses, driven by extended inundation, trigger a cascade of detrimental physiological responses and represent a major barrier to stable rice production and global food security. In this review, we examine the effects of flooding on rice growth at both the germination and vegetative stages. We further summarize recent advances in the identification of flooding-tolerant germplasm, QTL mapping, genome-wide association study, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, and other molecular studies. Subsequently, we highlight potential cultivation and regulatory strategies, including genetic, morphological, physiological, and endogenous hormone-related approaches, aimed at enhancing tolerance to anaerobic and submergence stress. Together, these approaches underscore the promise of integrating molecular insights with agronomic practices to mitigate flooding damage and support sustainable rice production. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Function and Progress of Non-Histone Acetylation in Rice Cai Xingjing, Cao Xi, Chen Xu, Yang Haidong, Jiang Wen, Jin Lei, Wang Zhiying, Jia Xiuqi, Zhou Yong, Gong Zhiyun Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 173-185.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.11.003 Abstract （332）   HTML （2441）    PDF（pc） （911KB）（388）       Knowledge map    Save Accumulating evidence from recent studies has highlighted the critical regulatory functions of non-histone protein acetylation in rice biological processes. This review systematically synthesizes current advances in characterizing the functional attributes and regulatory mechanisms of non-histone acetylation in rice, with a specific focus on its roles in regulating gene expression, modulating metabolic enzyme activities, and mediating stress responses. Emerging studies demonstrate that non-histone acetylation dynamically modulates transcription factors, metabolic enzymes, and other pivotal functional proteins to orchestrate essential physiological processes, including growth and development, photosynthetic efficiency, and environmental stress adaptation. Using mass spectrometry, gene editing, and related technologies, researchers have identified multiple acetyltransferases and deacetylases that regulate protein stability, subcellular localization, and protein-protein interactions. Despite these advances, challenges persist, such as the complexity of the acetylation regulatory networks and species-specific differences among cereal crops. Future investigations should integrate multi-omics approaches to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of this post-translational modification, thereby facilitating the development of targeted genetic engineering strategies for rice improvement. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Role of OsPHB2 in Rice Plant Architecture and Salt Stress Tolerance: Mining High-Yielding Haplotype 2 Wang Zhonghao, Yu Ruoqian, Tian Yahong, Hu Ping, Wang Yueying, Luo Chenxi, Wei Qianya, Song Xinyang, Liu Wenjun, Tang Mengna, Yin Lu, Nong Wen, Lu Caolin, Li Sanfeng, Mao Yijian, Zhang Guangheng, Zhu Xudong, Lou Guangming, Wang Yuexing Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 146-150.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2026.01.004 Abstract （331）   HTML （9469）    PDF（pc） （1378KB）（415）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Auxin Response Factor OsARF13 Positively Regulates Scutellum-Derived Callus Induction Efficiency Pan Yidan, Li Xiaojun, Li Dandan, Liu Zhen, Fei Siyi, Shu Qingyao, Guo Fu Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 141-145.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.12.004 Abstract （323）   HTML （9503）    PDF（pc） （818KB）（458）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Dynamic Changes in Ion Accumulation and Gene Expression Reveal Root-Specific Iron Uptake Strategies in Iron-Deficient Rice after Iron Supplementation Ma Yangming, Wen Yanfang, Tie Xiana, Liu Ning, Shi Yuanqing, Liu Tao, Wang Zhonglin, Liu Ruhongji, Wang Cheng, Chen Zongkui, Yang Zhiyuan, Sun Yongjian, Ma Jun Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 260-276.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2026.02.002 Abstract （282）   HTML （5863）    PDF（pc） （1560KB）（382）       Knowledge map    Save Investigating the biological processes of iron (Fe) homeostasis is crucial for comprehending crop genetic improvement, which in turn helps address human malnutrition. This study utilized phenotyping, ionomics, and transcriptome analysis to uncover the regulatory mechanism of Fe homeostasis in rice under different Fe concentrations and during Fe supplementation. Our results showed both Fe deficiency and excess impede rice growth, with Fe excess exerting a more severe impact, particularly on the roots. The decrease in crown roots under excessive Fe conditions likely serves as an adaptive mechanism to counteract Fe toxicity. Transcriptomic analysis identified 4652 differentially expressed genes affected by Fe stress and supplementation. When Fe is supplemented to Fe-deficient rice, there are upregulations in the expression of genes related to Fe ion concentration and Fe homeostasis at 10 min and 2 h after supplementation, respectively, along with a brief downregulation at 30 min. This indicated a protective mechanism in the roots during Fe uptake. Notably, shoots with a lack of Fe accumulation did not show re-entry of Fe after supplementation, and there was a sustained downregulation of Fe-regulated genes. This suggests that the signaling from roots to shoots influences the response of shoots to Fe supplementation in rice. The molecular changes in Fe homeostasis discovered in this study can contribute to the improvement of rice. Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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An Endosperm-Specific Early Nodulin-Like Gene Regulates Amylose Content in Rice Zhao Dongsheng, Wu Dengfei, Chen Siyu, Fan Xiaolei, Li Qianfeng, Zhang Changquan, Liu Qiaoquan Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 155-158.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.12.001 Abstract （280）   HTML （2951）    PDF（pc） （1186KB）（479）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Supplementary Material | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Optimizing Anther Culture for Doubled Haploid Breeding of Rice Using Yongyou 1540 Gan Yan, Xiao Kailing, Lin Jialing, Hong Yifei, Li Chuyi, Yu Hang, Zhang Long, Cui Shiyong, Sun Yanbo, Li Jinying, Chen Mingjiao, Chu Huangwei, Lin Wenxiong, Yang Xuelian, Wang Wenfei Rice Science    2026, 33 (1): 5-8.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.08.011 Abstract （275）   HTML （8783）    PDF（pc） （963KB）（522）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Suppressors of Cytokinin Receptor Mutant pal1/ohk4 Confer Favorable Alleles of Grain Number 1a (Gn1a) for Improving Grain Yield in japonica Rice Jia Huichao, Chun Yan, Ashmit Kumar, Mo Tianyu, Wang Haifeng, Guo Shengyuan, Fang Jingjing, Zhao Jinfeng, Sun Wei, Zhang Shiyong, Yuan Shoujiang, Li Xueyong Rice Science    2026, 33 (1): 81-98.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.10.008 Abstract （259）   HTML （3951）    PDF（pc） （2822KB）（251）       Knowledge map    Save Panicle number per plant, grain number per panicle, and grain weight are three key factors influencing rice grain yield. Gn1a, a major QTL for grain number per panicle, encodes the cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) OsCKX2. While the use of elite Gn1a alleles has been well documented in indica rice cultivars, their potential in japonica rice remains largely unexplored. In this study, we characterized three suppressor mutants of the rice cytokinin receptor mutant pal1/ohk4 and found that all causal genes were novel alleles of Gn1a identified through the MutMap approach. These three suppressor mutants caused single amino acid substitutions in the FAD-binding domain (G556D and G156D) and the cytokinin-binding domain (Y357C), resulting in significantly reduced enzymatic activity of OsCKX2 and elevated cytokinin levels in the panicle. Haplotype analysis of Gn1a using a natural population from the 3K Rice Genomes Project showed that G556D, G156D, and Y357C were novel alleles of Gn1a. G556, G156, and Y357 were highly conserved, whereas four natural variants G54A, A105V, H116R, and N535K identified in different haplotypes of Gn1a showed extremely low conservation. By backcrossing the suppressor mutants with their original wild-type Huaidao 5, an elite japonica rice variety, we developed improved lines carrying only the gn1a mutation. The improved lines showed a significant increase in grain number per panicle, grain weight, panicle number per plant, plant height, and stem thickness, leading to a 25.7%-28.7% increase in grain yield per plot compared with Huaidao 5. This study provides valuable Gn1a alleles ‌for synergistic improvement of the three key yield factors and offers germplasm resources for high-yielding breeding in japonica rice. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Jumonji C Domain-Containing Protein OsJMJ712 Integrates Epigenetic Regulation and Circadian Clock to Fine-Tune Flowering in Rice Li Chao, Ruan Chengcheng, He Yiqin, Yang Zhenkun, Jiang Zhenyi, Li Xiao, Xu Jianhong Rice Science    2026, 33 (2): 221-231.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.10.006 Abstract （254）   HTML （6379）    PDF（pc） （1559KB）（253）       Knowledge map    Save The Jumonji C domain-containing (JmjC) histone demethylases (JMJs) are involved in various aspects of plant development and responses to environmental changes. AtJMJs have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis for their roles in regulating flowering time, while their functions and molecular mechanisms in regulating flowering time in rice remain underexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the JmjC domain-only group member OsJMJ712 regulates heading date in rice. OsJMJ712 exhibits H3K36me3 demethylase activity at Ehd1 and RFT1 and represses the expression of Ehd1, Hd3a, and RFT1. Furthermore, loss of function of OsJMJ712 disrupts the circadian clock, and OsLHY directly binds to the promoter of OsJMJ712 to suppress its expression. These findings uncover that OsJMJ712 integrates histone demethylation and the circadian clock to fine-tune photoperiodic flowering in rice, providing new insights into the epigenetic control of photoperiodic flowering in crops. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Molecular Mechanism in Regulation of Rice Tiller Development Li Haifeng, Qin Hua Rice Science    2026, 33 (4): 485-498.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2026.01.006 Abstract （245）   HTML （51）    PDF（pc） （712KB）（279）       Knowledge map    Save Rice tillers are specialized grain-bearing branches originating from axillary buds generated at the basal internodes. Tiller number and tiller angle are two key components of rice architecture and important agronomic traits that determine plant density and panicle number, and are therefore tightly associated with grain yield. It is an important topic to elucidate the underlying mechanism in regulation of tiller development. Classical genes, such as MONOCULM 1 (MOC1), IDEAL PLANT ARCHITECTURE1 (IPA1), PROSTRATE GROWTH1 (PROG1), and LAZY1, have been reported to regulate tiller number or tiller angle. In addition to the genetic basis, environmental factors, such as fertilizer application and gravity, and endogenous phytohormones, such as auxin and strigolactones, also affect tiller development. With the emergence and development of gene editing technology, together with genome-wide association studies and other new technologies, much progress has recently been gained including the cloning of NITROGEN-MEDIATED TILLER GROWTH RESPONSE 5 (NGR5), TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1/CYCLOIDEA/ PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR 19 (OsTCP19), and LAZY2 to LAZY6; and the identification of regulatory roles of strigolactones and root microbiota in modulating tiller number. Especially, functional characterization of NGR5 and OsTCP19 revealed the mechanism of nitrogen-mediated regulation of tiller number. These advances not only shed light on the mechanism modulating tillering development, but also provide gene resources for crop improvement. This review summarizes in-depth the mechanisms and factors regulating rice tiller development, with a focus on classical genes and major advances, while also discussing the challenges and opportunities, thereby providing a comprehensive overview of the underlying mechanisms modulating tiller number and angle in rice. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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WRKY53: A Key Player in Stress Responses and Growth Regulation in Rice An Shuaizu, Lü Jun, Ma Zemin, Gao Xuanlin, Zhang Biaoming, Yang Pingfang, Ke Yinggen Rice Science    2026, 33 (1): 30-38.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.08.008 Abstract （236）   HTML （148）    PDF（pc） （531KB）（308）       Knowledge map    Save As sessile organisms, plants must adapt various stresses. Accordingly, they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes. WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family, which plays a crucial role in rice growth and development, stress response, and hormone signal transduction. This review discusses the role of WRKY53 in stress response, focusing on its functions in cold tolerance, salt tolerance, disease resistance, and pest defense, and explores its role in regulating rice leaf senescence and seed germination. This article also proposes future research directions, including functional genomics studies, protein interaction network analyses, hormone signal transduction pathways, genetic improvement strategies, applications of gene editing technologies, molecular basis of stress responses, cross- species functional conservation, and bioinformatics and comparative genomics research. This review highlights the importance of WRKY53 in rice biology and provides new perspectives and strategies for future research and genetic improvement of rice. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Enlarged Sink Capacity and Optimized Population Physiological Characteristics are Key to High Yield in Conventional Japonica Rice Zhang Haipeng, Mi Kailiang, Chen Ting, Zhang Muyan, Xu Fangfu, Zhang Hongcheng Rice Science    2026, 33 (1): 113-128.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.10.004 Abstract （234）   HTML （257）    PDF（pc） （1159KB）（168）       Knowledge map    Save Clarifying the photosynthetic and population characteristics of conventional japonica rice at different yield levels is crucial for boosting yield and ensuring food security. Therefore, a two-year field trial with two conventional japonica varieties was conducted at four planting densities: 16 cm × 30 cm (D1), 14 cm × 30 cm (D2), 12 cm × 30 cm (D3), and 10 cm × 30 cm (D4). This study aimed to investigate how photosynthetic and population characteristics influence grain yield under varying planting densities. The results indicated that higher yields were primarily driven by increased grain weight and seed-setting rate (with a 9.68%‒11.40% higher single panicle weight), supported by optimized dry matter translocation and source-sink relationships. Elevated planting density (D2‒D4) enhanced panicle number and total spikelet number (by 3.91%‒15.00%) but reduced the number of spikelets per panicle, 1000-grain weight, and photosynthetic efficiency due to mutual shading. Despite these trade-offs, yield increased by 4.10%‒12.42% under higher densities. The use of planting density D4 in japonica rice cultivation contributed to maximize yield. These findings provide important theoretical insights and practical significance for increasing the yield of conventional japonica rice and ensuring food security. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Rice Bran as Nutrient-Dense Food in Gut Health and Beyond Pratap Kalita, Bedanta Bhattacharjee, Bhrigu Kumar Das, Saikat Sen, Raja Chakraborty, Abdul Baquee Ahmed Rice Science    2026, 33 (1): 59-80.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.10.005 Abstract （223）   HTML （128）    PDF（pc） （2578KB）（359）       Knowledge map    Save Rice bran is the outer layer of the rice grain and a by-product of milling rice kernels, possessing high nutritional and therapeutic value. It is abundant in dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, and various antioxidant molecules. The health-promoting effects of rice bran and its biomolecules have been documented in several studies. In this review, we evaluated the different nutritive and health-promoting effects of rice bran, particularly its impact on gut health and other chronic conditions associated with gut health. The biomolecules present in rice bran and their potential therapeutic effects were also summarized. This paper recapitulated the potential therapeutic and preventive efficacy of rice bran against various ailments, along with their mechanisms of action. Rice bran is an important source of nutritive substances. In addition to their nutritive value, rice bran is rich in diverse biomolecules such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolics, γ-oryzanol, phytosterols and derivatives, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The dietary fibers in rice bran play a key role in modulating gut microbiota, reducing inflammation, and maintaining gut health. Rice bran and its components have been found to exhibit therapeutic benefits against inflammation, diabetes, cancer, liver disorders, cardiac issues, and neurological disorders through various mechanisms. Different clinical investigations have also confirmed the potential beneficial effects of rice bran and rice bran oil in various metabolic and cardiac disease conditions. Modulating gut microbiota is an important mechanism of the beneficial effects exerted by rice bran. This comprehensive review underscores the nutritional and therapeutic value of rice bran, emphasizing its potential for wider adoption to address nutrient deficiencies and improve human health. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Mechanism of Pleiotropic Gene OsSP3 Regulating Root Development in Rice Ye Jing, Liang Chuyan, Zhai Rongrong, Wu Mingming, Zhang Xiaoming, Ye Shenghai Rice Science    2026, 33 (1): 1-4.   DOI: 10.1016/j.rsci.2025.10.011 Abstract （222）   HTML （768）    PDF（pc） （741KB）（302）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）