Starch Digestibility and Physicochemical and Cooking Properties of Irradiated Rice Grains

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2016.07.005

Abstract

Abstract:

This study evaluated the starch digestibility, physicochemical properties and cooking characteristics of polished rice (varieties IRGA417 and IAC202) subjected to the doses of 0 (as the control), 1, 2 and 5 kGy of gamma radiation. The highest dose decreased the apparent amylose content, peak viscosity, water absorption and volume expansion. Irradiation increased the solid loss by 119% and 187% for IAC202 and IRGA417, respectively, when comparing the higher dose with the control. For IAC202, irradiation decreased the rapidly digestible starch and increased the slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS). IRGA417 showed an elevation of SDS and a reduction in RS. And 1 kGy dose of gamma radiation generated the highest level of RS for both the two varieties and presented the smallest changes in other physicochemical and cooking properties.

Key words: Oryza sativa, gamma radiation, 60Co, amylose, starch, digestibility, cooking property

Fernando Polesi Luís, Divino da Matta Junior Manoel, Bruder Silveira Sarmento Silene, Guidolin Canniatti-Brazaca Solange. Starch Digestibility and Physicochemical and Cooking Properties of Irradiated Rice Grains[J]. Rice Science, 2017, 24(1): 48-55.

Figures/Tables 5

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Variety	Dose (kGy)
Variety	0 (Control)	1	2	5
IAC202	26.4 ± 0.4 bA	25.6 ± 0.1 bAB	25.4 ± 0.3 bB	25.5 ± 0.5 bB
IRGA417	27.8 ± 0.3 aA	27.6 ± 0.6 aA	26.8 ± 0.4 aAB	26.2 ± 0.6 aB

Variety	Dose (kGy)
Variety	0 (Control)	1	2	5
IAC202	26.4 ± 0.4 bA	25.6 ± 0.1 bAB	25.4 ± 0.3 bB	25.5 ± 0.5 bB
IRGA417	27.8 ± 0.3 aA	27.6 ± 0.6 aA	26.8 ± 0.4 aAB	26.2 ± 0.6 aB

Parameter	Variety	Dose (kGy)
Parameter	Variety	0 (Control)	1	2	5
RDS (raw)	IAC202	32.3 ± 0.9 bC	33.4 ± 0.2 bBC	34.6 ± 0.1 bAB	35.5 ± 0.4 aA
RDS (raw)	IRGA417	35.3 ± 0.9 aB	36.5 ± 1.3 aB	40.8 ± 0.7 aA	36.6 ± 0.8 aB
SDS (raw)	IAC202	44.0 ± 0.6 aC	44.1 ± 0.2 aC	49.4 ± 0.8 aB	52.7 ± 0.3 aA
SDS (raw)	IRGA417	41.1 ± 0.5 bA	39.0 ± 0.3 bB	34.7 ± 1.3 bC	41.9 ± 0.8 bA
RS (raw)	IAC202	14.2 ± 0.9 aA	13.0 ± 0.3 aA	6.5 ± 0.3 bB	2.2 ± 0.5 bC
RS (raw)	IRGA417	12.9 ± 0.3 bA	13.7 ± 0.7 aA	13.7 ± 0.9 aA	10.7 ± 0.6 aB
RDS (cooked)	IAC202	74.0 ± 1.9 bA	72.3 ± 0.5 bA	74.0 ± 1.0 bA	61.8 ± 2.5 bB
RDS (cooked)	IRGA417	80.4 ± 0.5 aA	80.4 ± 0.4 aA	82.6 ± 0.7 aA	83.0 ± 1.9 aA
SDS (cooked)	IAC202	1.6 ± 0.3 aB	1.5 ± 0.9 aB	2.5 ± 0.4 aB	11.5 ± 1.3 aA
SDS (cooked)	IRGA417	0.7 ± 0.1 aC	2.6 ± 0.1 aB	3.1 ± 1.0 aB	4.9 ± 0.1 bA
RS (cooked)	IAC202	5.7 ± 0.3 bB	9.1 ± 0.2 aA	7.1 ± 0.9 aB	10.0 ± 1.3 aA
RS (cooked)	IRGA417	7.3 ± 0.5 aA	8.8 ± 0.7 aA	4.1 ± 0.5 bB	1.1 ± 0.1 bC
TDF	IAC202	1.5 ± 0.5 aA	2.1 ± 0.5 aA	2.5 ± 0.5 aA	1.5 ± 0.6 aA
TDF	IRGA417	1.6 ± 0.3 aA	1.6 ± 0.4 aA	1.5 ± 0.4 aA	1.3 ± 0.4 aA

Parameter	Variety	Dose (kGy)
Parameter	Variety	0 (Control)	1	2	5
RDS (raw)	IAC202	32.3 ± 0.9 bC	33.4 ± 0.2 bBC	34.6 ± 0.1 bAB	35.5 ± 0.4 aA
RDS (raw)	IRGA417	35.3 ± 0.9 aB	36.5 ± 1.3 aB	40.8 ± 0.7 aA	36.6 ± 0.8 aB
SDS (raw)	IAC202	44.0 ± 0.6 aC	44.1 ± 0.2 aC	49.4 ± 0.8 aB	52.7 ± 0.3 aA
SDS (raw)	IRGA417	41.1 ± 0.5 bA	39.0 ± 0.3 bB	34.7 ± 1.3 bC	41.9 ± 0.8 bA
RS (raw)	IAC202	14.2 ± 0.9 aA	13.0 ± 0.3 aA	6.5 ± 0.3 bB	2.2 ± 0.5 bC
RS (raw)	IRGA417	12.9 ± 0.3 bA	13.7 ± 0.7 aA	13.7 ± 0.9 aA	10.7 ± 0.6 aB
RDS (cooked)	IAC202	74.0 ± 1.9 bA	72.3 ± 0.5 bA	74.0 ± 1.0 bA	61.8 ± 2.5 bB
RDS (cooked)	IRGA417	80.4 ± 0.5 aA	80.4 ± 0.4 aA	82.6 ± 0.7 aA	83.0 ± 1.9 aA
SDS (cooked)	IAC202	1.6 ± 0.3 aB	1.5 ± 0.9 aB	2.5 ± 0.4 aB	11.5 ± 1.3 aA
SDS (cooked)	IRGA417	0.7 ± 0.1 aC	2.6 ± 0.1 aB	3.1 ± 1.0 aB	4.9 ± 0.1 bA
RS (cooked)	IAC202	5.7 ± 0.3 bB	9.1 ± 0.2 aA	7.1 ± 0.9 aB	10.0 ± 1.3 aA
RS (cooked)	IRGA417	7.3 ± 0.5 aA	8.8 ± 0.7 aA	4.1 ± 0.5 bB	1.1 ± 0.1 bC
TDF	IAC202	1.5 ± 0.5 aA	2.1 ± 0.5 aA	2.5 ± 0.5 aA	1.5 ± 0.6 aA
TDF	IRGA417	1.6 ± 0.3 aA	1.6 ± 0.4 aA	1.5 ± 0.4 aA	1.3 ± 0.4 aA

Parameter	Variety	Dose (kGy)
Parameter	Variety	0 (Control)	1	2	5
PT (ºC)	IAC202	81.8 ± 0.6 bB	82.2 ± 0.5 bB	82.3 ± 0.9 bB	85.6 ± 0.1 bA
PT (ºC)	IRGA417	84.6 ± 0.6 aB	85.9 ± 0.8 aB	84.8 ± 0.7 aB	88.2 ± 0.8 aA
PV (RVU)	IAC202	126.9 ± 3.2 bA	88.2 ± 2.1 bB	75.7 ± 1.2 bC	36.7 ± 2.8 bD
PV (RVU)	IRGA417	186.3 ± 2.2 aA	130.8 ± 4.9 aB	110.6 ± 4.9 aC	50.4 ± 3.0 aD
BD (RVU)	IAC202	39.3 ± 3.7 aA	37.5 ± 2.2 aA	36.6 ± 0.3 aA	20.8 ± 1.4 aB
BD (RVU)	IRGA417	13.2 ± 2.6 bC	20.6 ± 1.9 bB	26.8 ± 2.6 bA	19.0 ± 2.6 aB
FV (RVU)	IAC202	175.1 ± 6.9 bA	103.8 ± 3.5 bB	79.1 ± 1.5 bC	33.9 ± 2.6 bD
FV (RVU)	IRGA417	284.6 ± 7.2 aA	166.9 ± 10.1 aB	128.7 ± 7.7 aC	48.8 ± 4.7 aD
SB (RVU)	IAC202	87.6 ± 7.6 bA	53.1 ± 2.0 aB	39.9 ± 0.6 aB	18.1 ± 1.1 aC
SB (RVU)	IRGA417	111.5 ± 11.8 aA	56.7 ± 8.5 aB	45.0 ± 8.5 aB	17.4 ± 4.2 aC