Testing of Rice Stocks for Their Survival of Winter Cold

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2018.01.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Rice cultivation is considered to be initiated by vegetative propagation of sprout from wild perennial stocks. To test whether any presently cultivated rice cultivar can survive the winter cold or not, rice stocks of several cultivars including indica and japonica types were placed in a shallow pool from October to April in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. During the coldest period of the winter, the bases of the stocks were placed 5-6 cm below the surface of water, where temperatures ranged from 3 ºC to 5 ºC, while the surface was frozen for two or three times and covered with snow for a day. Only one cultivar, Nipponbare, a japonica type, survived the winter cold and regenerated sprouts in the end of April or early May. A possibility to develop perennial cultivation of rice or perennial hybrid rice is discussed.

Key words: rice stock, cold, Nipponbare, temperature, winter

Ikehashi Hiroshi. Testing of Rice Stocks for Their Survival of Winter Cold[J]. Rice Science, 2018, 25(2): 117-120.

Figures/Tables 3

Fig. 1. Framing of an experimental mini-marsh.A, Overview of the mini-marsh. Depth of shallow water is 13 cm, while medium water level is 33 cm and the deepest water level is 63 cm; B, Longitudinal section of the mini-marsh (180 cm); C, Cross section of the mini-marsh (120 cm).

Fig. 2. Performance of rice stocks under cold and snow in 2015-2016.A and B, Rice stocks removed from the farm of Nippon University to the mini-marsh, which was covered by net to protect fishes against bird on 8 October, 2015; C, The rice stocks of F1 hybrid gradually discolored, but still kept strength of straw on 7 December, 2015; D, Rice stocks in the mini-marsh were covered with snow and ice on 19 January, 2016; E, Only the japonica type kept a green part of stock on 19 January, 2016; F, Surface water of the mini-marsh was frozen and a part of the japonica type retained greenish part on 25 January, 2016; G, The japonica type Nipponbare regenerated sprouts from basal nodes on 25 April, 2016; H, Nekken 2 showed discolored nodes on 25 April, 2016; I, The basal nodes of F1 hybrid showed no greenish part on 25 April, 2016.

Fig. 3. Performance of rice stocks under cold and snow in 2016-2017.A, Rice stocks removed from the farm of Nippon University to the mini-marsh on 6 October, 2016; B, Rice stocks covered by snow on 24 November, 2016; C, Frozen surface water and rice stocks on 15 January, 2017; D, Regenerated sprouts of Nipponbare on 3 May, 2017.

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