Drought-Tolerant Rice at Molecular Breeding Eras: An Emerging Reality

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2023.11.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) stands as the most significantly influential food crop in the developing world, with its total production and yield stability affected by environmental stress. Drought stress impacts about 45% of the world’s rice area, affecting plants at molecular, biochemical, physiological, and phenotypic levels. The conventional breeding method, predominantly employing single pedigree selection, has been widely utilized in breeding numerous drought-tolerant rice varieties since the Green Revolution. With rapid progress in plant molecular biology, hundreds of drought-tolerant QTLs/genes have been identified and tested in rice crops under both indoor and field conditions. Several genes have been introgressed into elite germplasm to develop commercially accepted drought-tolerant varieties, resulting in the development of several drought-tolerant rice varieties through marker-assisted selection and genetically engineered approaches. This review provides up-to-date information on proof-of-concept genes and breeding methods in the molecular breeding era, offering guidance for rice breeders to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties.

Key words: conventional breeding, drought stress, drought tolerant rice, genetic engineering, marker-assisted selection breeding

Zhu Chengqi, Ye Yuxuan, Qiu Tian, Huang Yafan, Ying Jifeng, Shen Zhicheng. Drought-Tolerant Rice at Molecular Breeding Eras: An Emerging Reality[J]. Rice Science, 2024, 31(2): 179-189.

Figures/Tables 7

References 75

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Gene	Function	Evaluation	Physiological change	Reference
OsDREB1A	AP2/ERF	Greenhouse	Fast stomatal closure	Hsieh et al, 2002
OsDREB1B, OsDREB1F	AP2/ERF	Field	Fast stomatal closure	Pellegrineschi et al, 2004
AtHARDY	AP2/ERF	Greenhouse	High WUE, low transpiration, and high photosynthesis	Karaba et al, 2007
AtABF3	bZIP	Greenhouse	Less leaf rolling, wilting, and higher F_v/F_m	Oh et al, 2005
AtZat10	EAR (Zinc finger)	Greenhouse, field	High spikelet fertility	Xiao et al, 2009
AtSNAC1	NAC	Greenhouse, field	ABA-hypersensitive	Rabbani et al, 2003
OsZFP252	TFIIIA-type (Zinc finger)	Greenhouse	Proline and sugar accumulation, and better H₂O₂homeostasis	Xu et al, 2008; Huang et al, 2009
OsWRKY11	WRKY (Zinc finger)	Greenhouse	Less leaf wilting and slow water loss	Wu et al, 2009

Gene	Function	Evaluation	Physiological change	Reference
OsDREB1A	AP2/ERF	Greenhouse	Fast stomatal closure	Hsieh et al, 2002
OsDREB1B, OsDREB1F	AP2/ERF	Field	Fast stomatal closure	Pellegrineschi et al, 2004
AtHARDY	AP2/ERF	Greenhouse	High WUE, low transpiration, and high photosynthesis	Karaba et al, 2007
AtABF3	bZIP	Greenhouse	Less leaf rolling, wilting, and higher F_v/F_m	Oh et al, 2005
AtZat10	EAR (Zinc finger)	Greenhouse, field	High spikelet fertility	Xiao et al, 2009
AtSNAC1	NAC	Greenhouse, field	ABA-hypersensitive	Rabbani et al, 2003
OsZFP252	TFIIIA-type (Zinc finger)	Greenhouse	Proline and sugar accumulation, and better H₂O₂homeostasis	Xu et al, 2008; Huang et al, 2009
OsWRKY11	WRKY (Zinc finger)	Greenhouse	Less leaf wilting and slow water loss	Wu et al, 2009

Gene	Function	Evaluation	Physiological change	Reference
AtLOS5	Abscisic acid biosynthesis	Field	High spikelet fertility, and high yield	Xiao et al, 2009
OsCDPK7	Farnesylation	Greenhouse	Late embryogenesis abundant gene expression	Saijo et al, 2000
OsHSP17.7	Heat/cold-shock protein	Greenhouse	Protein protection	Sato and Yokoya, 2008
CspA	Heat/cold-shock protein	Greenhouse, field	High photosynthesis, and increased yield	Castiglioni et al, 2008
HVA1	Late embryogenesis abundant protein	Greenhouse, field	High water use efficiency, high relative water content, and membrane protection	Xu et al, 1996; Sivamani et al, 2000
OsLEA-3	Late embryogenesis abundant protein	Greenhouse, field	High spikelet fertility, and high grain yield	Xiao et al, 2007
Oatadc	Polyamine	Greenhouse	Spermine/spermidine accumulation, more chlorophyll, and less leaf rolling and wilting	Capell et al, 1998, 2004
VaP5CS	Proline	Greenhouse	Proline accumulation, and less wilting	Zhu et al, 1998; De Ronde et al, 2004
OsCIPK03, OsCIPK12, and OsCIPK15	Protein phosphorylation	Greenhouse	Higher proline and sugar accumulation, and less leaf rolling	Xiang et al, 2007
NPK1	Protein phosphorylation	Greenhouse, field	High photosynthesis, high spikelet fertility, and high yield	Shou et al, 2004; Xiao et al, 2009
TPS	Sugar	Greenhouse	More trehalose, less leaf rolling	Garg et al, 2002; Jang et al, 2003

Gene	Function	Evaluation	Physiological change	Reference
AtLOS5	Abscisic acid biosynthesis	Field	High spikelet fertility, and high yield	Xiao et al, 2009
OsCDPK7	Farnesylation	Greenhouse	Late embryogenesis abundant gene expression	Saijo et al, 2000
OsHSP17.7	Heat/cold-shock protein	Greenhouse	Protein protection	Sato and Yokoya, 2008
CspA	Heat/cold-shock protein	Greenhouse, field	High photosynthesis, and increased yield	Castiglioni et al, 2008
HVA1	Late embryogenesis abundant protein	Greenhouse, field	High water use efficiency, high relative water content, and membrane protection	Xu et al, 1996; Sivamani et al, 2000
OsLEA-3	Late embryogenesis abundant protein	Greenhouse, field	High spikelet fertility, and high grain yield	Xiao et al, 2007
Oatadc	Polyamine	Greenhouse	Spermine/spermidine accumulation, more chlorophyll, and less leaf rolling and wilting	Capell et al, 1998, 2004
VaP5CS	Proline	Greenhouse	Proline accumulation, and less wilting	Zhu et al, 1998; De Ronde et al, 2004
OsCIPK03, OsCIPK12, and OsCIPK15	Protein phosphorylation	Greenhouse	Higher proline and sugar accumulation, and less leaf rolling	Xiang et al, 2007
NPK1	Protein phosphorylation	Greenhouse, field	High photosynthesis, high spikelet fertility, and high yield	Shou et al, 2004; Xiao et al, 2009
TPS	Sugar	Greenhouse	More trehalose, less leaf rolling	Garg et al, 2002; Jang et al, 2003

Gene	Function	Evaluation	Physiological change	Reference
OsCDPK7	Farnesylation	Greenhouse	Late embryogenesis abundant gene expression	Saijo et al, 2000
OsCIPK03, OsCIPK12, and OsCIPK15	Protein phosphorylation	Greenhouse	Higher proline and sugar accumulation, and less leaf rolling	Xiang et al, 2007
NPK1	Protein phosphorylation	Greenhouse, field	High photosynthesis, high spikelet fertility, and high yield	Shou et al, 2004; Xiao et al, 2009